Recombinant Mouse CX3CL1/Fractalkine (Full Length) Protein

Name: Recombinant Mouse CX3CL1/Fractalkine (Full Length) Protein
Brand: R&D Systems
SKU: 472-FF
Price: 438 EUR

R&D Systems, Inc. a Bio-Techne Brand

Catalog # 472-FF

Citations (12)

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Key Product Details

Source:	Sf 21 (baculovirus)
Accession #:	O35188
Applications:	Bioactivity

View Full Technical Details for Recombinant Mouse CX3CL1/Fractalkine (Full Length) Protein

Product Specifications for Recombinant Mouse CX3CL1/Fractalkine (Full Length) Protein

Source	Spodoptera frugiperda, Sf 21 (baculovirus)-derived mouse CX3CL1/Fractalkine protein Gln25-Arg337, with a C-terminal 6-His tag
Purity	>97%, by SDS-PAGE under reducing conditions and visualized by silver stain.
Endotoxin level	<0.10 EU per 1 μg of the protein by the LAL method.
N-terminal sequence Analysis	No results obtained: Gln25 predicted
Predicted Molecular Mass	34 kDa
SDS-PAGE	90 kDa, reducing conditions
Activity	Measured by its ability to chemoattract freshly isolated human peripheral blood lymphocytes (PBL). The ED₅₀ for this effect is 0.2-0.6 µg/mL. Measured by its ability to chemoattract BaF3 mouse pro‑B cells transfected with mouse CX3CR1. The ED₅₀ for this effect is 0.03-0.12 μg/mL.

Formulation, Preparation and Storage

Carrier Free

What does CF mean?

CF stands for Carrier Free (CF). We typically add Bovine Serum Albumin (BSA) as a carrier protein to our recombinant proteins. Adding a carrier protein enhances protein stability, increases shelf-life, and allows the recombinant protein to be stored at a more dilute concentration. The carrier free version does not contain BSA.

472-FF

Carrier

Formulation	Lyophilized from a 0.2 μm filtered solution in PBS with BSA as a carrier protein.
Reconstitution	Reconstitute at 10 μg/mL in sterile PBS containing at least 0.1% human or bovine serum albumin.
Shipping	The product is shipped at ambient temperature. Upon receipt, store it immediately at the temperature recommended below.
Stability & Storage:	Use a manual defrost freezer and avoid repeated freeze-thaw cycles. 12 months from date of receipt, -20 to -70 °C as supplied. 1 month, 2 to 8 °C under sterile conditions after reconstitution. 3 months, -20 to -70 °C under sterile conditions after reconstitution.

472-FF/CF

Carrier Free

Formulation	Lyophilized from a 0.2 μm filtered solution in PBS.
Reconstitution	Reconstitute at 100 μg/mL in sterile PBS.
Shipping	The product is shipped at ambient temperature. Upon receipt, store it immediately at the temperature recommended below.
Stability & Storage:	Use a manual defrost freezer and avoid repeated freeze-thaw cycles. 12 months from date of receipt, -20 to -70 °C as supplied. 1 month, 2 to 8 °C under sterile conditions after reconstitution. 3 months, -20 to -70 °C under sterile conditions after reconstitution.

Reconstitution Calculator

The reconstitution calculator allows you to quickly calculate the volume of a reagent to reconstitute your vial. Simply enter the mass of reagent and the target concentration and the calculator will determine the rest.

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Background: CX3CL1/Fractalkine

Fractalkine, designated CX3CL1 and also known as neurotactin, is the only member of the CX3C, or delta, chemokine subfamily (1 ‑ 4). Unlike most other chemokines, CX3CL1 is a type I transmembrane (TM) adhesion protein (1). The mouse CX3CL1 cDNA encodes 395 amino acids (aa), including a signal sequence (aa 1 ‑ 24), a chemokine domain (aa 25 ‑ 100), a mucin stalk region (aa 101 ‑ 336), a transmembrane segment (aa 337 ‑ 357), and a cytoplasmic tail (aa 358 ‑ 395). The chemokine domain contains binding and chemotactic determinants, while the mucin stalk appears to function only as a spacer (4, 5). Mouse CX3CL1 shares 85% and 78% aa sequence identity with rat and human CX3CL1, respectively, within the chemokine domain, but lower sequence identity within other domains. CX3CL1 is up‑regulated by pro‑inflammatory stimuli, especially IFN‑ gamma and TNF‑ alpha, on cell types including macrophages, dendritic cells, endothelium, neurons, smooth muscle and epithelium lining the intestines and other tubules (1, 8, 9). The 40 kDa, 7‑TM non‑glycosylated G‑protein coupled CX3CL1 receptor, CX3CR1, is expressed by cytotoxic effector cells and cytokine producers, including type I helper and cytotoxic T cells, gamma δ T cells, CD16+ NK cells, monocytes and microglia (1, 2). The 95 ‑ 100 kDa TM CX3CL1 can be inducibly cleaved near the TM segment by ADAM10 or ADAM17 to generate a 60 ‑ 80 kDa soluble form (6, 7). TM CX3CL1 functions as an adhesion molecule, while both forms are chemoattractants for target cells expressing CX3CR1 (1, 2). During extravasation, membrane‑bound CX3CL1 traps leukocytes, then is cleaved to allow diapedesis (6). In coronary artery disease, soluble CX3CL1 and CD8+ T cell CX3CR1 are overexpressed and appear to contribute to pathogenesis (1, 10). In the brain, CX3CL1/CX3CR1 interaction protects against microglial neurotoxicity (11). CX3CL1 also contributes to wound healing by recruiting macrophages, and to bone resorption by recruiting and mediating adhesion of osteoclast precursors (12, 13).

Item	Value
References	Stievano, L. et al. (2004) Crit. Rev. Immunol. 24:205. Umehara, H. et al. (2004) Arterioscler. Thromb. Vasc. Biol. 24:34. Rossi, D.L. et al. (1998) Genomics 47:163. Mizoue, L.S. et al. (2001) J. Biol. Chem. 276:33906. Harrison, J.K. et al. (2001) J. Biol. Chem. 276:21632. Hundhausen, C. et al. (2007) J. Immunol. 178:8064. Tsou, C. et al. (2001) J. Biol. Chem. 276:44622. Tarozzo, G. et al. (2003) J. Neurosci. Res. 73:81. Lucas, A.D. et al. (2001) Am. J. Pathol. 158:855. Damas, J.K. et al. (2005) Arterioscler. Thromb. Vasc. Biol. 25:2567. Cardona, A.E. et al. (2006) Nat. Neurosci. 9:917. Koizumi, K. et al. (2009) J. Immunol. 183:7825. Ishida, Y. et al. (2008) J. Immunol. 180:569.
Entrez Gene IDs	6376 (Human); 20312 (Mouse); 89808 (Rat); 102117496 (Cynomolgus Monkey)
Alternate Names	ABCD-3, C3Xkine, CX3C membrane-anchored chemokine, CX3CL1, CXC3, CXC3C, FKN, Fractalkine, NTNsmall inducible cytokine subfamily D (Cys-X3-Cys), member 1 (fractalkine, NTTSmall-inducible cytokine D1, Neurotactin, SCYD1C-X3-C motif chemokine 1, chemokine (C-X3-C motif) ligand 1, neurotactin), small inducible cytokine subfamily D (Cys-X3-Cys), member-1

Citations for Recombinant Mouse CX3CL1/Fractalkine (Full Length) Protein (12)

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Citations are publications that use Bio-Techne products. Selected citations for Recombinant Mouse CX3CL1/Fractalkine (Full Length) Protein include:

Species: Mouse
Sample Types: Whole Cells
Applications: Bioassay

S De Scheppe et al. (2023), Perivascular cells induce microglial phagocytic states and synaptic engulfment via SPP1 in mouse models of Alzheimer's disease Nature Neuroscience, 0(0).
PMID: 36747024
Species: Mouse
Sample Types: Whole Cells
Applications: Bioassay

K Zhou et al. (2022), An overlooked subset of Cx3cr1wt/wt microglia in the Cx3cr1CreER-Eyfp/wt mouse has a repopulation advantage over Cx3cr1CreER-Eyfp/wt microglia following microglial depletion Journal of Neuroinflammation, 19(1):20.
PMID: 35062962
Species: Mouse
Sample Types: Whole Cells
Applications: Bioassay

EJ Park et al. (2021), Ligand-competent fractalkine receptor is expressed on exosomes Biochemistry and Biophysics Reports, 26(0):100932.
PMID: 33553692
Species: Mouse
Sample Types: Whole Cells
Applications: Cell Culture

S Otobe et al. (2020), CX3CR1 Deficiency Attenuates DNFB-Induced Contact Hypersensitivity Through Skewed Polarization Towards M2 Phenotype in Macrophages Int J Mol Sci, 21(19).
PMID: 33036460
Species: Mouse
Sample Types: In Vivo

Y Zhang et al. (2018), Repopulating retinal microglia restore endogenous organization and function under CX3CL1-CX3CR1 regulation Sci Adv, 4(3):eaap8492.
PMID: 29750189
Species: Mouse
Sample Types: Whole Cells
Applications: Bioassay

M Mizoguchi et al. (2018), Prevention of lipopolysaccharide-induced preterm labor by the lack of CX3CL1-CX3CR1 interaction in mice PLoS ONE, 13(11):e0207085.
PMID: 30399192
Species: Mouse
Sample Types: Whole Cells
Applications: Bioassay

N Kemmerling et al. (2017), Intramembranous processing by ?-secretase regulates reverse signaling of ephrin-B2 in migration of microglia Glia, 0(0).
PMID: 28370426
Species: Mouse
Sample Types: Whole Cells
Applications: Bioassay

(2016), Progesterone Attenuates Microglial-Driven Retinal Degeneration and Stimulates Protective Fractalkine-CX3CR1 Signaling PLoS ONE, 11(11):e0165197.
PMID: 27814376
Species: Mouse
Sample Types: In Vivo
Applications: In Vivo

McComb JG et al. (2008), CX3CL1 up-regulation is associated with recruitment of CX3CR1+ mononuclear phagocytes and T lymphocytes in the lungs during cigarette smoke-induced emphysema. Am. J. Pathol., 173(4):949-61.
PMID: 18772344
Species: Mouse
Sample Types: Whole Cells
Applications: Bioassay

Cardona AE et al. (2008), Scavenging roles of chemokine receptors: chemokine receptor deficiency is associated with increased levels of ligand in circulation and tissues. Blood, 112(2):256-63.
PMID: 18347198
Species: Mouse
Sample Types: Whole Cells
Applications: Bioassay

Ishida Y et al. (2008), Essential involvement of CX3CR1-mediated signals in the bactericidal host defense during septic peritonitis. J. Immunol., 181(6):4208-18.
PMID: 18768878
Species: Mouse
Sample Types: Whole Cells
Applications: Binding Assay

Lee FH et al. (2004), Receptor-ligand binding in the cell-substrate contact zone: a quantitative analysis using CX3CR1 and CXCR1 chemokine receptors. Biochemistry, 43(22):7179-86.
PMID: 15170355

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Recombinant Mouse CX3CL1/Fractalkine (Full Length) Protein

R&D Systems, Inc. a Bio-Techne Brand

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Product Specifications for Recombinant Mouse CX3CL1/Fractalkine (Full Length) Protein

Formulation, Preparation and Storage

Carrier Free

472-FF

Carrier

472-FF/CF

Carrier Free

Reconstitution Calculator

Background: CX3CL1/Fractalkine

Citations for Recombinant Mouse CX3CL1/Fractalkine (Full Length) Protein (12)

Product Documents for Recombinant Mouse CX3CL1/Fractalkine (Full Length) Protein

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