Porcine IL-18/IL-1F4 Antibody

Name: Porcine IL-18/IL-1F4 Antibody
Brand: R&D Systems
SKU: AF588

R&D Systems, Inc. a Bio-Techne Brand

Catalog # AF588

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Key Product Details

Species Reactivity:	Porcine
Immunogen:	E. coli-derived recombinant porcine IL‑18/IL‑1F4
Applications:	Immunocytochemistry/Immunofluorescence, Western Blot
Label:	Unconjugated
Source:	Polyclonal Goat IgG
Specificity:	Detects porcine IL‑18/IL‑1F4 in direct ELISAs and Western blots. In direct ELISAs, approximately 30% cross‑reactivity with recombinant human IL-18 is observed and 10% cross-reactivity with recombinant rat IL‑18 and recombinant mouse IL‑18 is observed.

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Applications for Porcine IL-18/IL-1F4 Antibody

	Recommended Concentration	Sample
Western Blot	0.1 µg/mL	Recombinant Porcine IL‑18/IL‑1F4 (Catalog # 588-PL)
Immunocytochemistry	5-15 µg/mL	See below

Please Note: Optimal dilutions should be determined by each laboratory for each application.

Scientific Data Examples for Porcine IL-18/IL-1F4 Antibody

	Immunocytochemistry IL‑18/IL‑1F4 in Porcine PBMCs. IL-18/IL-1F4 was detected in immersion fixed porcine peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) using Goat Anti-Porcine IL-18/IL-1F4 Antigen Affinity-purified Polyclonal Antibody (Catalog # AF588) at 15 µg/mL for 3 hours at room temperature. Cells were stained using the NorthernLights™ 557-conjugated Anti-Goat IgG Secondary Antibody (red; Catalog # NL001) and counterstained with DAPI (blue). Specific staining was localized to cytoplasm. View our protocol for Fluorescent ICC Staining of Non-adherent Cells.

Formulation, Preparation and Storage

Purification	Antigen Affinity-purified
Reconstitution	Reconstitute at 0.2 mg/mL in sterile PBS. Reconstitution Buffer Available: Size / Price Qty Loading... RB01:
Formulation	Lyophilized from a 0.2 μm filtered solution in PBS with Trehalose. *Small pack size (SP) is supplied either lyophilized or as a 0.2 µm filtered solution in PBS.
Shipping	The product is shipped at ambient temperature. Upon receipt, store it immediately at the temperature recommended below. *Small pack size (SP) is shipped with polar packs. Upon receipt, store it immediately at -20 to -70 °C
Stability & Storage	Use a manual defrost freezer and avoid repeated freeze-thaw cycles. 12 months from date of receipt, -20 to -70 °C as supplied. 1 month, 2 to 8 °C under sterile conditions after reconstitution. 6 months, -20 to -70 °C under sterile conditions after reconstitution.

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Background: IL-18/IL-1F4

Interleukin-18 (IL-18), also known as IL-1F4 and IFN-gamma inducing factor (IGIF), is a member of the IL-1 family of cytokines and is a key molecule in the innate immune response (1). Porcine IL-18 is synthesized as a 24 kDa proprotein that contains a 35 amino acid (aa) propeptide and a 157 aa mature region (2). Under inflammatory conditions, the propeptide is cleaved by Caspase-1 in the cytoplasm to liberate the mature nonglycosylated 18 kDa monomeric IL-18 (3, 4). Mature porcine IL-18 shares 88% aa sequence identity with canine and feline IL-18 and 61%‑76% with human, mouse, rat, and rhesus IL-18. IL-18 is secreted by a variety of cell types including macrophages, dendritic cells, and epithelial cells (1, 5). Circulating mature IL-18 is sequestered by soluble IL-18 binding proteins (IL-18 BP) that inhibit IL-18 bioactivity (6). IL-18 interacts with the widely expressed IL-18 R alpha which then recruits the signaling subunit IL-18 R beta (7, 8). The IL-1 family member IL-1F7 also binds to IL-18 R alpha but does not recruit IL-18 R beta or induce signaling (9). IL-1F7 binds IL-18 BP and enhances its neutralizing effect on IL-18 activity (9). IL-18 synergizes with other cytokines to activate NK, Th1, and Th17 cells and to increase the production of IFN-gamma (1, 5, 10, 11, 12). IL-18 can also promote Th2 cytokine release which reduces the effectiveness of antiviral responses (13, 14). Increased levels of active IL‑18 contribute to the severity of autoimmunity and hypertension, while deficiency of IL-18 results in symptoms of metabolic syndrome (1, 5, 15, 16). In cancer, IL-18 stimulates Th1 and NK cells to target tumor cells, but it can also promote angiogenesis, metastasis, and tumor cell immune evasion (11).

Item	Value
References	Arend, W.P. et al. (2008) Immunol. Rev. 223:20. Muneta, Y. et al. (2000) Cytokine 12:566. Ghayur, T. et al. (1997) Nature 386:619. Gu, Y. et al. (1997) Science 275:206. Boraschi, D. and C.A. Dinarello (2006) Eur. Cytokine Netw. 17:224. Novick, D. et al. (1999) Immunity 10:127. Torigoe, K. et al. (1997) J. Biol. Chem. 272:25737. Born, T.L. et al. (1998) J. Biol. Chem. 273:29445. Bufler, P. et al. (2002) Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. 99:13723. Takeda, K. et al. (1998) Immunity 8:383. Park, S. et al. (2007) Cell. Mol. Immunol. 4:329. Yoshimoto, T. et al. (1998) J. Immunol. 161:3400. Hoshino, T. et al. (2001) J. Immunol. 166:7014. Iannello, A. et al. (2009) AIDS Rev. 11:115. Rabkin, S.W. (2009) Nat. Clin. Pract. Cardiovasc. Med. 6:192. Netea, M.G. et al. (2006) Nat. Med. 12:650.
Long Name	Interleukin 18
Entrez Gene IDs	3606 (Human); 16173 (Mouse); 29197 (Rat); 397057 (Porcine); 574151 (Primate)
Alternate Names	IFN-gamma-inducing factor, IGIF, IGIFIL-1 gamma, IL-18, IL-18MGC12320, IL-1F4, IL-1g, IL18, IL1F4iboctadekin, Iboctadekin, Interferon gamma-inducing factor, Interleukin-1 gamma, interleukin 18 (interferon-gamma-inducing factor), interleukin-18

Citations for Porcine IL-18/IL-1F4 Antibody (1)

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Citations are publications that use Bio-Techne products. Selected citations for Porcine IL-18/IL-1F4 Antibody include:

Species: Mouse
Sample Types: Cell Lysates
Applications: Western Blot

C Shen et al. (2022), Microbe-Derived Antioxidants Reduce Lipopolysaccharide-Induced Inflammatory Responses by Activating the Nrf2 Pathway to Inhibit the ROS/NLRP3/IL-1beta Signaling Pathway International Journal of Molecular Sciences, 23(20).
PMID: 36293333

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