Recombinant Equine TNF-alpha Protein

Novus Biologicals, part of Bio-Techne | Catalog # NBP3-57433

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NBP3-57433-25ug
NBP3-57433-5ug
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Key Product Details

Source

Yeast

Conjugate

Unconjugated

Applications

Western Blot, ELISA, Cell Culture

View all TNF-alpha Proteins and Enzymes »

Product Specifications

Description

A recombinant protein corresponding to 157 aa of Equine TNF-alpha.

Source: Yeast

Amino Acid Sequence: LRSSSRTPSD KPVAHVVANP QAEGQLQWLS GRANALLANG VKLTDNQLVV PLDGLYLIYS QVLFKGQGCP STHVLLTHTI SRLAVSYPSK VNLLSAIKSP CHTESPEQAE AKPWYEPIYL GGVFQLEKGD QLSAEINQPN YLDFAESGQV YFGIIAL (157)

Stable for up to 12 months from date of receipt at -20C. Stable for 3 months when stored in working aliquots with a carrier protein at -20C. Avoid repeated freeze/thaw cycles.

Purity

>98%, by SDS-PAGE

Endotoxin Level

No affinity tags & naturally endotoxin-free

Predicted Molecular Mass

17.1 kDa.
Disclaimer note: The observed molecular weight of the protein may vary from the listed predicted molecular weight due to post translational modifications, post translation cleavages, relative charges, and other experimental factors.

Applications

Enzyme-linked Immunosorbent Spot (ELISPOT)
ELISA Standard (Matched Pair) (ELISA(Sta))

Protein / Peptide Type

Recombinant Protein

Formulation, Preparation and Storage

NBP3-57433
Formulation Lyophilized in 1-5X PBS containing 10% Trehalose
Preservative 10% Trehalose
Concentration Lyoph
Reconstitution Reconstitute in sterile PBS with at least 0.1% carrier protein
Shipping The product is shipped with polar packs. Upon receipt, store it immediately at the temperature recommended below.
Stability & Storage Store at -20C. Avoid freeze-thaw cycles.

Background: TNF-alpha

Tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-alpha is a pro-inflammatory cytokine belonging to the TNF superfamily that is secreted by monocytes/macrophages, T cell, and natural killer (NK), among others (1). TNF-alpha is synthesized as a 233 amino acid (aa) transmembrane protein (mTNF-alpha) with a theoretical molecular weight (MW) of 26 kDa (1,2) that forms a homotrimer. mTNF-alpha is cleaved by TNF-alpha converting enzyme (TACE) and released in its 157 aa, 17 kDa soluble form (sTNF-alpha) (1-5). Both mTNF-alpha and sTNF-alpha are capable of binding type 1 TNF receptors (TNFR1), whereas mTNF-alpha predominately binds to TNFR2 (1,2). TNF-alpha binding to its receptors causes receptor recruitment of adaptor proteins, formation of signaling complexes, and downstream signaling cascades (e.g. MAPK, NF-kappaB, and Caspase-8), leading to distinct cellular responses such as survival, proliferation, inflammation, necroptosis, and apoptosis (1-5).

TNF-alpha is critical for normal immune response; however, dysregulation of TNF-alpha production can result in various pathologies (2,4,5). Excessive production of pro-inflammatory cytokines including interleukin 1 (IL-1), IL-6, and TNF-alpha has been implicated in an array of autoimmune diseases like rheumatoid arthritis (RA), inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), and psoriasis (2,4,5). Anti-TNF monoclonal antibodies, including Infliximab, and soluble TNFR have been approved for the treatment of autoimmune and TNF-mediated diseases (5). Additionally, data suggests that TNF inhibitors can be beneficial for treating patients experiencing immune-related adverse events associated with immune checkpoint inhibitor cancer treatment (6).

References

1. Holbrook J, Lara-Reyna S, Jarosz-Griffiths H, McDermott M. Tumour necrosis factor signalling in health and disease. F1000Res. 2019;8:F1000 Faculty Rev-111. https://doi.org/10.12688/f1000research.17023.1

2. Jang DI, Lee AH, Shin HY, et al. The Role of Tumor Necrosis Factor Alpha (TNF-alpha) in Autoimmune Disease and Current TNF-alpha Inhibitors in Therapeutics. Int J Mol Sci. 2021;22(5):2719. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms22052719

3. Horiuchi T, Mitoma H, Harashima S, Tsukamoto H, Shimoda T. Transmembrane TNF-alpha: structure, function and interaction with anti-TNF agents. Rheumatology (Oxford). 2010;49(7):1215-1228. https://doi.org/10.1093/rheumatology/keq031

4. Webster JD, Vucic D. The Balance of TNF Mediated Pathways Regulates Inflammatory Cell Death Signaling in Healthy and Diseased Tissues. Front Cell Dev Biol. 2020;8:365. https://doi.org/10.3389/fcell.2020.00365

5. Kalliolias GD, Ivashkiv LB. TNF biology, pathogenic mechanisms and emerging therapeutic strategies. Nat Rev Rheumatol. 2016; 12(1):49-62. https://doi.org/10.1038/nrrheum.2015.169

6. Chen AY, Wolchok JD, Bass AR. TNF in the era of immune checkpoint inhibitors: friend or foe?. Nat Rev Rheumatol. 2021;17(4):213-223. doi:10.1038/s41584-021-00584-4

Long Name

Tumor Necrosis Factor alpha

Alternate Names

Cachetin, DIF, TNF, TNF-A, TNFA, TNFalpha, TNFG1F, TNFSF1A, TNFSF2

Gene Symbol

TNF

Additional TNF-alpha Products

Product Documents for Recombinant Equine TNF-alpha Protein

Product Datasheets

Certificate of Analysis

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Product Specific Notices for Recombinant Equine TNF-alpha Protein

This product is for research use only and is not approved for use in humans or in clinical diagnosis. This product is guaranteed for 1 year from date of receipt.

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