Recombinant Human GITR Ligand/TNFSF18 Protein

Name: Recombinant Human GITR Ligand/TNFSF18 Protein
Brand: R&D Systems
SKU: 694-GL

R&D Systems, Inc. a Bio-Techne Brand

Catalog # 694-GL

Citations (4)

Product Datasheet / COA / SDS

New Version Available - 6987-GL

A New and Improved rh GITR-L is Available! CHO expressed; ~70 fold better activity; HA tag!

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Key Product Details

Source:	Sf 21 (baculovirus)
Accession #:	Q9UNG2
Applications:	Binding Activity

View Full Technical Details for Recombinant Human GITR Ligand/TNFSF18 Protein

Product Specifications for Recombinant Human GITR Ligand/TNFSF18 Protein

Source	Spodoptera frugiperda, Sf 21 (baculovirus)-derived human GITR Ligand/TNFSF18 protein Glu74-Ser199, with an N-terminal 6-His tag
Purity	>97%, by SDS-PAGE under reducing conditions and visualized by silver stain.
Endotoxin level	<0.10 EU per 1 μg of the protein by the LAL method.
N-terminal sequence Analysis	His
Predicted Molecular Mass	15 kDa
SDS-PAGE	14 kDa-16 kDa, reducing conditions
Activity	Measured by its binding ability in a functional ELISA. When Recombinant Human GITR/TNFRSF18 Fc Chimera (Catalog # 689-GR) is immobilized at 0.5 µg/mL (100 µL/well), Recombinant Human GITR Ligand/TNFSF18 binds with an ED₅₀ of 30-300 ng/mL.

Formulation, Preparation and Storage

Carrier Free

What does CF mean?

CF stands for Carrier Free (CF). We typically add Bovine Serum Albumin (BSA) as a carrier protein to our recombinant proteins. Adding a carrier protein enhances protein stability, increases shelf-life, and allows the recombinant protein to be stored at a more dilute concentration. The carrier free version does not contain BSA.

694-GL

Carrier

Formulation	Lyophilized from a 0.2 μm filtered solution in PBS with BSA as a carrier protein.
Reconstitution	Reconstitute at 100 μg/mL in sterile PBS containing at least 0.1% human or bovine serum albumin.
Shipping	The product is shipped at ambient temperature. Upon receipt, store it immediately at the temperature recommended below.
Stability & Storage:	Use a manual defrost freezer and avoid repeated freeze-thaw cycles. 12 months from date of receipt, -20 to -70 °C as supplied. 1 month, 2 to 8 °C under sterile conditions after reconstitution. 3 months, -20 to -70 °C under sterile conditions after reconstitution.

694-GL/CF

Carrier Free

Formulation	Lyophilized from a 0.2 μm filtered solution in PBS.
Reconstitution	Reconstitute at 100 μg/mL in sterile PBS.
Shipping	The product is shipped at ambient temperature. Upon receipt, store it immediately at the temperature recommended below.
Stability & Storage:	Use a manual defrost freezer and avoid repeated freeze-thaw cycles. 12 months from date of receipt, -20 to -70 °C as supplied. 1 month, 2 to 8 °C under sterile conditions after reconstitution. 3 months, -20 to -70 °C under sterile conditions after reconstitution.

Reconstitution Calculator

The reconstitution calculator allows you to quickly calculate the volume of a reagent to reconstitute your vial. Simply enter the mass of reagent and the target concentration and the calculator will determine the rest.

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Background: GITR Ligand/TNFSF18

GITR Ligand, also known as TNFSF18 and TL6, is an approximately 30 kDa type II transmembrane glycoprotein in the TNF superfamily (1). Human GITR Ligand consists of a 50 amino acid (aa) cytoplasmic domain, a 21 aa transmembrane segment, and a 128 aa extracellular domain (ECD) (2, 3). Within the ECD, human GITR Ligand shares 56% and 60% aa sequence identity with mouse and rat GITR Ligand, respectively. GITR Ligand is expressed on antigen presenting cells, CD4^-CD8^- double negative thymic precursors, vascular endothelial cells, neurons, and in the eye (4‑11). Its expression is transiently up‑regulated by proinflammatory stimulation (4, 8, 11). The binding of GITR Ligand to GITR on mouse CD25⁺ Treg cells permits the reactivation of T cells from Treg-induced suppression, although this does not appear to occur in humans (5, 9, 12-14). GITR Ligand binding to GITR additionally provides a costimulatory signal to activated CD4⁺ and CD8⁺ T cells and NK cells (5, 6, 15, 16). This interaction also induces reverse signaling in GITR Ligand expressing dendritic cells to suppress cellular activation through the same pathway induced by the immunosuppressant dexamethasone (17). In the brain, GITR Ligand/GITR interactions enhance NGF-mediated neurite outgrowth from sympathetic neurons (10).

Item	Value
References	Azuma, M. (2010) Crit. Rev. Immunol. 30:547. Kwon, B. et al. (1999) J. Biol. Chem. 274:6056. Gurney, A.L. et al. (1999) Curr. Biol. 9:215. Stephens, G.L. et al. (2004) J. Immunol. 173:5008. Tone, M. et al. (2003) Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. 100:15059. Hanabuchi, S. et al. (2006) Blood 107:3617. Kamimura, Y. et al. (2009) J. Immunol. 182:2708. Hwang, H. et al. (2010) J. Neurosci. Res. 88:2188. Tuyaerts, S. et al. (2007) J. Leukoc. Biol. 82:93. O’Keefe, G.W. et al. (2008) Nat. Neurosci. 11:135. Kim, B.J. et al. (2004) Invest. Ophthalmol. Vis. Sci. 45:3170. Shimizu, J. et al. (2002) Nat. Immunol. 3:135. Ji, H. et al. (2004) J. Immunol. 172:5823. McHugh, R.S. et al. (2002) Immunity 16:311. Kanamaru, F. et al. (2004) J. Immunol. 172:7306. Ronchetti, S. et al. (2004) Eur. J. Immunol. 34:613. Grohmann, U. et al. (2007) Nat. Med. 13:579.
Long Name	Glucocorticoid Induced TNF Receptor Family Related Gene Ligand
Entrez Gene IDs	8995 (Human); 240873 (Mouse); 364031 (Rat)
Alternate Names	AITRL, AITRLMGC138237, Activation-inducible TNF-related ligand, GITR Ligand, GITRL, GITRLglucocorticoid-induced TNFR-related protein ligand, Glucocorticoid-induced TNF-related ligand, TL6AITR ligand, TNFSF18, hGITRLGITR ligand, tumor necrosis factor (ligand) superfamily, member 18, tumor necrosis factor ligand superfamily member 18

Citations for Recombinant Human GITR Ligand/TNFSF18 Protein (4)

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Citations are publications that use Bio-Techne products. Selected citations for Recombinant Human GITR Ligand/TNFSF18 Protein include:

Species: Human
Sample Types: Whole Cells
Applications: Bioassay

Wilson TR et al. (2012), Widespread potential for growth-factor-driven resistance to anticancer kinase inhibitors. Nature, 487(7408):505-9.
PMID: 22763448
Species: Human
Sample Types: Whole Cells
Applications: Bioassay

Baltz KM et al. (2008), Neutralization of tumor-derived soluble glucocorticoid-induced TNFR-related protein ligand increases NK cell anti-tumor reactivity. Blood, 112(9):3735-43.
PMID: 18689545
Species: Human
Sample Types: Whole Cells
Applications: Bioassay

Bae E et al. (2007), Glucocorticoid-induced tumour necrosis factor receptor-related protein-mediated macrophage stimulation may induce cellular adhesion and cytokine expression in rheumatoid arthritis. Clin. Exp. Immunol., 148(3):410-8.
PMID: 17359498
Species: N/A
Sample Types: N/A
Applications: ELISA (Standard)

Mahesh SP et al. (2006), Expression of GITR ligand abrogates immunosuppressive function of ocular tissue and differentially modulates inflammatory cytokines and chemokines. Eur. J. Immunol., 36(8):2128-38.
PMID: 16874737

Recombinant Human GITR Ligand/TNFSF18 Protein

R&D Systems, Inc. a Bio-Techne Brand

Key Product Details

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Product Specifications for Recombinant Human GITR Ligand/TNFSF18 Protein

Formulation, Preparation and Storage

Carrier Free

694-GL

Carrier

694-GL/CF

Carrier Free

Reconstitution Calculator

Background: GITR Ligand/TNFSF18

Citations for Recombinant Human GITR Ligand/TNFSF18 Protein (4)

Product Documents for Recombinant Human GITR Ligand/TNFSF18 Protein

Product Datasheets

COA

Certificate of Analysis

SDS

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