TNF-alpha Antibody Pair [Biotin]

Novus Biologicals, part of Bio-Techne | Catalog # NBP3-57735

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Key Product Details

Assay Type

Sandwich ELISA

Sample Type

Cell culture supernatants from horses (Equus caballus). Additional biological sample types reported in the literature: serum, plasma, synovial fluid, bronchoalveolar lavage fluid, PBMC culture supernatants, and tissue lysates. (100 ul)

Reactivity

Equine

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Product Specifications

Description

Contains a capture antibody, detection antibody, and recombinant protein standard for assay development. These antibodies have been validated to function together in an ELISA format using the provided standard. Optimal buffers, antibody concentrations, incubation times, temperatures, and assay conditions have not been predetermined, allowing researchers to optimize assay sensitivity and dynamic range based on their specific sample type and experimental requirements. The quantities of components are not matched, and individual components may be purchased separately. This product is for research use only.

Sample Volume Required

100 ul

Conjugate

Biotin

Scientific Data Images for TNF-alpha Antibody Pair [Biotin]

TNF-alpha Antibody Pair [Biotin]

ELISA: TNF-alpha Antibody Pair [Biotin] [NBP3-57735] -

Representative standard curve for TNF-alpha Antibody Pair [Biotin] (NBP3-57735)

Kit Contents for TNF-alpha Antibody Pair [Biotin]

  • Capture Antibody (1 Set = <= 10 Plates; 2 Set = <= 20 Plates): (Catalog # <a href= /products/tnf-alpha-antibody_nbp3-57652 >NBP3-57652</a>)
  • Detection Antibody (Biotinylated): (Catalog # <a href= "/products/tnf-alpha-antibody_nbp3-57683" >NBP3-57683</a>)
  • Standard: (Catalog # <a href= "/products/tnf-alpha-recombinant-protein_nbp3-57433" >NBP3-57433</a>)

Preparation and Storage

Shipping

The product is shipped with polar packs. Upon receipt, store it immediately at the temperature recommended below.

Stability & Storage

Storage of components varies. See protocol for specific instructions.

Background: TNF-alpha

Tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-alpha is a pro-inflammatory cytokine belonging to the TNF superfamily that is secreted by monocytes/macrophages, T cell, and natural killer (NK), among others (1). TNF-alpha is synthesized as a 233 amino acid (aa) transmembrane protein (mTNF-alpha) with a theoretical molecular weight (MW) of 26 kDa (1,2) that forms a homotrimer. mTNF-alpha is cleaved by TNF-alpha converting enzyme (TACE) and released in its 157 aa, 17 kDa soluble form (sTNF-alpha) (1-5). Both mTNF-alpha and sTNF-alpha are capable of binding type 1 TNF receptors (TNFR1), whereas mTNF-alpha predominately binds to TNFR2 (1,2). TNF-alpha binding to its receptors causes receptor recruitment of adaptor proteins, formation of signaling complexes, and downstream signaling cascades (e.g. MAPK, NF-kappaB, and Caspase-8), leading to distinct cellular responses such as survival, proliferation, inflammation, necroptosis, and apoptosis (1-5).

TNF-alpha is critical for normal immune response; however, dysregulation of TNF-alpha production can result in various pathologies (2,4,5). Excessive production of pro-inflammatory cytokines including interleukin 1 (IL-1), IL-6, and TNF-alpha has been implicated in an array of autoimmune diseases like rheumatoid arthritis (RA), inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), and psoriasis (2,4,5). Anti-TNF monoclonal antibodies, including Infliximab, and soluble TNFR have been approved for the treatment of autoimmune and TNF-mediated diseases (5). Additionally, data suggests that TNF inhibitors can be beneficial for treating patients experiencing immune-related adverse events associated with immune checkpoint inhibitor cancer treatment (6).

References

1. Holbrook J, Lara-Reyna S, Jarosz-Griffiths H, McDermott M. Tumour necrosis factor signalling in health and disease. F1000Res. 2019;8:F1000 Faculty Rev-111. https://doi.org/10.12688/f1000research.17023.1

2. Jang DI, Lee AH, Shin HY, et al. The Role of Tumor Necrosis Factor Alpha (TNF-alpha) in Autoimmune Disease and Current TNF-alpha Inhibitors in Therapeutics. Int J Mol Sci. 2021;22(5):2719. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms22052719

3. Horiuchi T, Mitoma H, Harashima S, Tsukamoto H, Shimoda T. Transmembrane TNF-alpha: structure, function and interaction with anti-TNF agents. Rheumatology (Oxford). 2010;49(7):1215-1228. https://doi.org/10.1093/rheumatology/keq031

4. Webster JD, Vucic D. The Balance of TNF Mediated Pathways Regulates Inflammatory Cell Death Signaling in Healthy and Diseased Tissues. Front Cell Dev Biol. 2020;8:365. https://doi.org/10.3389/fcell.2020.00365

5. Kalliolias GD, Ivashkiv LB. TNF biology, pathogenic mechanisms and emerging therapeutic strategies. Nat Rev Rheumatol. 2016; 12(1):49-62. https://doi.org/10.1038/nrrheum.2015.169

6. Chen AY, Wolchok JD, Bass AR. TNF in the era of immune checkpoint inhibitors: friend or foe?. Nat Rev Rheumatol. 2021;17(4):213-223. doi:10.1038/s41584-021-00584-4

Long Name

Tumor Necrosis Factor alpha

Alternate Names

Cachetin, DIF, TNF, TNF-A, TNFA, TNFalpha, TNFG1F, TNFSF1A, TNFSF2

Gene Symbol

TNF

Additional TNF-alpha Products

Product Documents for TNF-alpha Antibody Pair [Biotin]

Product Datasheets

Certificate of Analysis

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Product Specific Notices for TNF-alpha Antibody Pair [Biotin]

This product is for research use only and is not approved for use in humans or in clinical diagnosis. Antibody Pairs are guaranteed for 6 months from date of receipt.

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