Recombinant Human CCL4/MIP-1 beta (271-BME) chemoattracts the BaF3 mouse pro-B cell line transfected with human CCR5 in a dose-dependent manner (orange line). The amount of cells that migrated through to the lower chemotaxis chamber was measured by Resazurin (AR002). Chemotaxis elicited by Recombinant Human CCL4/MIP-1 beta (40 ng/mL) is neutralized (green line) by increasing concentrations of Goat Anti-Human CCL4/MIP-1 beta Antigen Affinity-purified Polyclonal Antibody (Catalog # AF-271-NA). The ND₅₀ is typically 0.3-1.5 µg/mL.

CCL4/MIP‑1 beta in Human Alzheimer's Disease Brain.

CCL4/MIP-1 beta was detected in immersion fixed paraffin-embedded sections of human Alzheimer's disease brain (hippocampus) using 15 µg/mL Goat Anti-Human CCL4/MIP-1 beta Antigen Affinity-purified Polyclonal Antibody (Catalog # AF-271-NA) overnight at 4 °C. Tissue was stained with the Anti-Goat HRP-AEC Cell & Tissue Staining Kit (red; CTS009) and counterstained with hematoxylin (blue). View our protocol for Chromogenic IHC Staining of Paraffin-embedded Tissue Sections.

CCL4/MIP‑1 beta in Human PBMCs.

CCL4/MIP-1 beta was detected in immersion fixed human peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) stimulated with PHA and monensin using Goat Anti-Human CCL4/MIP-1 beta Antigen Affinity-purified Polyclonal Antibody (Catalog # AF-271-NA) at 10 µg/mL for 3 hours at room temperature. Cells were stained using the NorthernLights™ 557-conjugated Anti-Goat IgG Secondary Antibody (yellow; NL001) and counterstained with DAPI (blue). View our protocol for Fluorescent ICC Staining of Non-adherent Cells.

Applications for Human CCL4/MIP-1 beta Antibody

Application

Recommended Usage

Immunocytochemistry

5-15 µg/mL
Sample: Immersion fixed human peripheral blood mononuclear cells stimulated with PHA and monensin

Immunohistochemistry

5-15 µg/mL
Sample: Immersion fixed paraffin-embedded sections of human Alzheimer's disease brain (hippocampus)

Western Blot

0.1 µg/mL
Sample: Recombinant Human CCL4/MIP-1 beta (Catalog # 271-BME)

Neutralization

Measured by its ability to neutralize CCL4/MIP-1 beta-induced chemotaxis in the BaF3 mouse pro-B cell line transfected with human CCR5. The Neutralization Dose (ND₅₀) is typically 0.3-1.5 µg/mL in the presence of 40 ng/mL Recombinant Human CCL4/MIP-1 beta.

Reviewed Applications

Read 1 review rated 5 using AF-271-NA in the following applications:

ELISA (1 Review)

Formulation, Preparation, and Storage

Purification

Antigen Affinity-purified

Reconstitution

Reconstitute at 0.2 mg/mL in sterile PBS. For liquid material, refer to CoA for concentration.

Formulation

Lyophilized from a 0.2 μm filtered solution in PBS with Trehalose. *Small pack size (SP) is supplied either lyophilized or as a 0.2 µm filtered solution in PBS.

Shipping

Lyophilized product is shipped at ambient temperature. Liquid small pack size (-SP) is shipped with polar packs. Upon receipt, store immediately at the temperature recommended below.

Stability & Storage

Use a manual defrost freezer and avoid repeated freeze-thaw cycles.

12 months from date of receipt, -20 to -70 °C as supplied.
1 month, 2 to 8 °C under sterile conditions after reconstitution.
6 months, -20 to -70 °C under sterile conditions after reconstitution.

Background: CCL4/MIP-1 beta

CCL4/MIP-1 beta is a beta chemokine that is secreted at sites of inflammation by activated leukocytes, lymphocytes, vascular endothelial cells, and pulmonary smooth muscle cells. It attracts a variety of immune cells to sites of microbial infection as well as to other pathologic inflammation such as allergic asthma and ischemic myocardium. CCL4 is secreted from activated monocytes as a heterodimer with CCL3/MIP-1 alpha. It signals through CCR5, and an N-terminally trimmed form additionally interacts with CCR1 and CCR2. In humans, the ability of CCL4 to bind CCR5 inhibits the cellular entry of M-tropic HIV-1 which utilizes CCR5 as a coreceptor.

Alternate Names

Exodus-3, MIP-1 beta, MIP1 beta

Entrez Gene IDs

6351 (Human); 20303 (Mouse); 116637 (Rat); 448786 (Canine); 102117861 (Cynomolgus Monkey)

Gene Symbol

CCL4

Additional CCL4/MIP-1 beta Products

Product Documents for Human CCL4/MIP-1 beta Antibody

Product Datasheets

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COA

SDS

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Product Specific Notices for Human CCL4/MIP-1 beta Antibody

For research use only

Citations
Reviews

Human CCL4/MIP-1 beta Antibody

R&D Systems, part of Bio-Techne | Catalog # AF-271-NA

Key Product Details

Species Reactivity

Validated:

Cited:

Applications

Validated:

Cited:

Label

Antibody Source

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Product Specifications

Immunogen

Specificity

Clonality

Host

Isotype

Endotoxin Level

Scientific Data Images for Human CCL4/MIP-1 beta Antibody

Chemotaxis Induced by CCL4/MIP‑1 beta and Neutral-ization by Human CCL4/MIP‑1 beta Antibody.