Chloroquine diphosphate is an antimalarial (Plasmodium) medicine. Inhibits cell growth and induces cell death in numerous cancer cell lines; inhibits cell proliferation and viability and induces apoptosis in 4T1 mouse breast cancer cells in vitro. Exhibits antimetastatic activity. Also inhibits autophagy via a mechanism distinct from that of 3-methyladenine (Cat. No. 3977). Blocks receptor-mediated endocytosis of mannose-glycoconjugates by macrophages. Inhibits SARS-CoV-2 infection in vitro (EC50 = 1.13 μM). Chloroquine improves efficacy of adeno-associated viral gene transduction in vivo and in vitro, as well as enhancing non-viral gene transfection in breast cancer cells.
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