Source	E. coli-derived rat PDGF-AA protein Ser87-Arg196
Purity	>97%, by SDS-PAGE under reducing conditions and visualized by silver stain
Endotoxin level	<0.01 EU per 1 μg of the protein by the LAL method.
N-terminal sequence Analysis	Ser87
Predicted Molecular Mass	12.5 kDa (monomer)
Activity	Measured in a cell proliferation assay using NR6R‑3T3 mouse fibroblast cells. Raines, E.W. et al. (1985) Methods Enzymol. 109:749. The ED₅₀ for this effect is 3-9 ng/mL.

Formulation, Preparation and Storage

Carrier Free

What does CF mean?

CF stands for Carrier Free (CF). We typically add Bovine Serum Albumin (BSA) as a carrier protein to our recombinant proteins. Adding a carrier protein enhances protein stability, increases shelf-life, and allows the recombinant protein to be stored at a more dilute concentration. The carrier free version does not contain BSA.

What formulation is right for me?

In general, we advise purchasing the recombinant protein with BSA for use in cell or tissue culture, or as an ELISA standard. In contrast, the carrier free protein is recommended for applications, in which the presence of BSA could interfere.

1055-AA

Formulation	Lyophilized from a 0.2 μm filtered solution in Acetonitrile and TFA.
Reconstitution	Reconstitute at 100 μg/mL in sterile 4 mM HCl. Reconstitution Buffer Available: Size / Price Qty Loading... RB03:
Shipping	The product is shipped at ambient temperature. Upon receipt, store it immediately at the temperature recommended below.
Stability & Storage:	Use a manual defrost freezer and avoid repeated freeze-thaw cycles. 12 months from date of receipt, -20 to -70 °C as supplied. 1 month, 2 to 8 °C under sterile conditions after reconstitution. 3 months, -20 to -70 °C under sterile conditions after reconstitution.

Reconstitution Calculator

The reconstitution calculator allows you to quickly calculate the volume of a reagent to reconstitute your vial. Simply enter the mass of reagent and the target concentration and the calculator will determine the rest.

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Background: PDGF-AA

The platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF) family consists of proteins derived from four genes (PDGF-A, -B, -C, and -D) that form four disulfide-linked homodimers (PDGF-AA, -BB, -CC, and -DD) and one heterodimer (PDGF-AB) (1, 2). These proteins regulate diverse cellular functions by binding to and inducing the homo- or hetero-dimerization of two receptors (PDGF R alpha and R beta ). Whereas alpha / alpha homo-dimerization is induced by PDGF-AA, -BB, -CC, and -AB, alpha / beta hetero-dimerization is induced by PDGF-AB,-BB, -CC, and -DD, and beta / beta homo-dimerization is induced only by PDGF-BB, and -DD (1 - 4). Both PDGF R alpha and R beta are members of the class III subfamily of receptor tyrosine kinases (RTK) that have five immunoglobulin-like domains in their extracellular region and a split kinase domain in their intracellular region. Ligand-induced receptor dimerization results in autophosphorylation in trans resulting in the activation of several intracellular signaling pathways that can lead to cell proliferation, cell survival, cytoskeletal rearrangement, cell migration and extracellular matrix production. Rat PDGF-A chain cDNA encodes a 204 amino acid (aa) residue precursor protein with a 20 aa signal peptide, a 65 aa propeptide that is removed by proteolysis, and a 119 aa mature protein. By alternative splicing, a short form lacking 8 C-terminal aa residues also exists. The long form contains the 8 aa basic insert which promotes intracellular cell retention and association with cell matrix. PDGF-A is expressed in multiple cell types and tissues. Based on PDGF-A knockout studies, PDGF-A appears to be important for the development of oligodendrocytes, testicular Leydig cells, alveolar smooth muscle cells, hair follicles and intestinal villus (1).

Item	Value
References	Betshotz, C. et al. (2001) BioEssays 23:494. Ostman, A. and A.H. Heldin (2001) Advances in Cancer Research 80:1. Gilbertson, D. et al. (2001) J. Biol. Chem. 276:27406. LaRochells, W.J. et al. (2001) Nature Cell Biol. 3:517.
Long Name	Platelet-derived Growth Factor AA
Entrez Gene IDs	5154 (Human); 25266 (Rat)
Alternate Names	PDGF-A, PDGF-AA, PDGF1, PDGFAA

Citations for Recombinant Rat PDGF-AA Protein, CF (10)

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Citations are publications that use Bio-Techne products. Selected citations for Recombinant Rat PDGF-AA Protein, CF include:

Species: Rat
Sample Types: Whole Cells
Applications: Bioassay

T Shimizu et al. (2021), Tension Sensor Based on Fluorescence Resonance Energy Transfer Reveals Fiber Diameter-Dependent Mechanical Factors During Myelination Frontiers in Cellular Neuroscience, 15(0):685044.
PMID: 34408628
Species: Rat
Sample Types: Whole Cells
Applications: Cell Culture

S Ogawa et al. (2020), Transplanted Oligodendrocyte Progenitor Cells Survive in the Brain of a Rat Neonatal White Matter Injury Model but Less Mature in Comparison with the Normal Brain Cell Transplant, 29(0):9.6369E+14.
PMID: 32757665
Species: Rat
Sample Types: Whole Tissue
Applications: Tissue Culture

X Guan et al. (2019), Characterization of stem cells associated with seminiferous tubule of adult rat testis for their potential to form Leydig cells Stem Cell Res, 41(0):101593.
PMID: 31704538
Species: Rat
Sample Types: In Vivo
Applications: Bioassay

R Lopez-Bell et al. (2019), Growth factor signaling regulates mechanical nociception in flies and vertebrates J. Neurosci., 0(0).
PMID: 31138657
Species: Mouse
Sample Types: Whole Cells
Applications: Bioassay

(2016), Retinal Proteoglycans Act as Cellular Receptors for Basement Membrane Assembly to Control Astrocyte Migration and Angiogenesis Cell Rep, 17(7):1832-1844.
PMID: 27829154
Species: Mouse
Sample Types: Whole Cells
Applications: Bioassay

Yang J et al. (2014), BMP4 is required for the initial expression of MITF in melanocyte precursor differentiation from embryonic stem cells. Exp Cell Res, 320(1):54-61.
PMID: 24080013
Species: Rat
Sample Types: Whole Cells
Applications: Bioassay

Poehler A et al. (2014), Autophagy modulates SNCA/alpha-synuclein release, thereby generating a hostile microenvironment. Autophagy, 10(12):2171-92.
PMID: 25484190
Species: Hamster
Sample Types: Whole Cells
Applications: Bioassay

Schneider L et al. (2009), The Na+/H+ exchanger NHE1 is required for directional migration stimulated via PDGFR-alpha in the primary cilium. J. Cell Biol., 185(1):163-76.
PMID: 19349585
Species: Chicken
Sample Types: Whole Cells
Applications: Bioassay

Yang X et al. (2008), PDGF signalling controls the migration of mesoderm cells during chick gastrulation by regulating N-cadherin expression. Development, 135(21):3521-30.
PMID: 18832396
Species: Rat
Sample Types: In Vivo
Applications: In Vivo

Lopez-Bellido R et al. (0), Growth Factor Signaling Regulates Mechanical Nociception in Flies and Vertebrates. J Neurosc39(30):6012-6030.
PMID: 31138657

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Recombinant Rat PDGF-AA Protein, CF

Name: Anonymous

Application: Cell migration/motility

Reason for Rating: TRIED IT ON NIH 3T3S MOUSE FIBROBLAST TO ESTABLISH A CHEMOTACTIC GRADIENT AND IT WORKED VERY WELL. THE RESULTS WERE AS EXPECTED.

Verified Customer | Posted 07/05/2017

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Recombinant Rat PDGF-AA Protein, CF

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