Is there a mass to unit conversion for Recombinant Human IL-21 Protein (Catalog # 8879-IL & Catalog # 8879-IL/CF)?

Name: Recombinant Human IL-21 Protein
Brand: R&D Systems
SKU: 8879-IL
Rating: 4 (3 reviews)

We have not developed a specific mass to unit conversion factor for Recombinant Human IL-21 Protein (Catalog # 8879-IL & 8879-IL/CF). We recommend checking the Citations tab on the product-specific page to review publications citing use of the product. We also recommend performing a dose-response study for your assay to determine the optimal concentration for your experiment.

Recombinant Human IL-21 Protein

Catalog # 8879-IL

Citations (17)

(3)

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Key Product Details

Source:	E. coli
Accession #:	Q9HBE4.3
Applications:	Bioactivity

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Product Specifications

Source	E. coli-derived human IL-21 protein Gln32-Ser162 with a N-terminal Met
Purity	>95%, by SDS-PAGE visualized with Silver Staining and quantitative densitometry by Coomassie® Blue Staining.
Endotoxin level	<0.10 EU per 1 μg of the protein by the LAL method.
N-terminal sequence Analysis	Met
Predicted Molecular Mass	15 kDa
SDS-PAGE	17 kDa, reducing conditions
Activity	Measured by its ability to enhance IFN-gamma secretion in NK-92 human natural killer lymphoma cells. The ED₅₀ for this effect is ≤ 8 ng/mL.

Recombinant Human IL-21 Protein Scientific Data Examples

	Recombinant Human IL-21 Protein Bioactivity Recombinant Human IL-21 (Catalog # 8879-IL) enhances IFN-gamma secretion in NK-92 human natural killer lymphoma cells. The ED₅₀ for this effect is ≤ 8 ng/mL.

Formulation, Preparation and Storage

Carrier Free

What does CF mean?

CF stands for Carrier Free (CF). We typically add Bovine Serum Albumin (BSA) as a carrier protein to our recombinant proteins. Adding a carrier protein enhances protein stability, increases shelf-life, and allows the recombinant protein to be stored at a more dilute concentration. The carrier free version does not contain BSA.

8879-IL

Carrier

Formulation	Lyophilized from a 0.2 μm filtered solution in PBS with BSA as a carrier protein.
Reconstitution	Reconstitute at 100 μg/mL in PBS containing at least 0.1% human or bovine serum albumin.
Shipping	The product is shipped at ambient temperature. Upon receipt, store it immediately at the temperature recommended below.
Stability & Storage:	Use a manual defrost freezer and avoid repeated freeze-thaw cycles. 12 months from date of receipt, -20 to -70 °C as supplied. 1 month, 2 to 8 °C under sterile conditions after reconstitution. 3 months, ≤ -20 °C under sterile conditions after reconstitution.

8879-IL/CF

Carrier Free

Formulation	Lyophilized from a 0.2 μm filtered solution in PBS with Trehalose.
Reconstitution	Reconstitute at 100 μg/mL in PBS.
Shipping	The product is shipped at ambient temperature. Upon receipt, store it immediately at the temperature recommended below.
Stability & Storage:	Use a manual defrost freezer and avoid repeated freeze-thaw cycles. 12 months from date of receipt, -20 to -70 °C as supplied. 1 month, 2 to 8 °C under sterile conditions after reconstitution. 3 months, ≤ -20 °C under sterile conditions after reconstitution.

Reconstitution Calculator

The reconstitution calculator allows you to quickly calculate the volume of a reagent to reconstitute your vial. Simply enter the mass of reagent and the target concentration and the calculator will determine the rest.

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Background: IL-21

IL-21 (Interleukin-21) is a potent cytokine regulating many cell types of the immune system. IL-21 is produced by activated T follicular helper cells (Tfh), Th17 cells, and NKT cells (2-6). Tfh-derived IL-21 plays an important role in the development of humoral immunity through its autocrine effects on the Tfh cell and paracrine effects on immunoglobulin affinity maturation, plasma cell differentiation, and B cell memory responses (4, 8, 9). IL-21 protein regulates several aspects of T cell function. It co-stimulates the activation, proliferation, and survival of CD8+ T cells and NKT cells and promotes Th17 cell polarization (3, 5, 6, 11, 12). IL-21 blocks the generation of regulatory T cells and their suppressive effects on CD4+ T cells (13, 14). In addition to its role in T cell biology, IL-21 also plays a critical role in B cell activation, proliferation, differentiation, and apoptosis (2). It is also required for the migration of dendritic cells to draining lymph nodes (10). And IL-21 suppresses cutaneous hypersensitivity reactions by limiting allergen-specific IgE production and mast cell degranulation (16). In the autoimmune disease Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), a link between IL-21 and SLE disease susceptibility and progression was recently reported (19).

IL-21 protein exerts its biological effects through a heterodimeric receptor complex of gamma c and the IL-21-specific IL-21 R (2, 7). IL-21 is an approximately 14 kDa four-helix-bundle member of the family of cytokines that utilize the common gamma chain (gamma c) as a receptor subunit. gamma c is also a subunit of the receptors for IL-2, IL-4, IL-7, IL-9, and IL-15 (1). IL-21 R engagement enhances the cytolytic activity and IFN-gamma production of activated NK cells but limits the expansion of resting NK cells (15). Dysregulation of the IL-21/IL-21 R system contributes to the development of multiple immunological disorders (1, 17). The 133 amino acid (aa) mature human IL-21 protein shares 63% and 61% aa sequence identity with mouse and rat IL-21 protein, respectively. Alternative splicing generates an additional isoform with a substitution of the C-terminal 16 amino acids (18).

Item	Value
References	Tangye, S.G. (2015) Curr. Opin. Immunol. 34:107. Parrish-Novak, et al. (2000) Nature 408:57. Coquet, J.M. et al. (2007) J. Immunol. 178:2827. Vogelzang, A. et al. (2008) Immunity 29:127. Korn, T. et al. (2007) Nature 448:484. Nurieva, R. et al. (2007) Nature 448:480. Asao, H. et al. (2001) J. Immunol. 167:1. Zotos, D. et al. (2010) J. Exp. Med. 207:365. Rankin, A.L. et al. (2011) J. Immunol. 186:667. Jin, H. et al. (2009) J. Clin. Invest. 119:47. Frohlich, A. et al. (2009) Science 324:1576. Yi, J.S. et al. (2009) Science 324:1572. Peluso, I. et al. (2007) J. Immunol. 178:732. Bucher, C. et al. (2009) Blood 114:5375. Kasaian, M.T. et al. (2002) Immunity 16:559. Tamagawa-Mineoka, R. et al. (2011) J. Invest. Dermatol. 131:1513. Ma, J. et al. (2011) Cytokine 56:133. Rahman, M. et al. (2007) FEBS Lett. 581:4001. Wang, et al. (2018) Nature Commun. 9: 1758.
Long Name	Interleukin 21
Entrez Gene IDs	59067 (Human); 60505 (Mouse); 365769 (Rat); 442935 (Canine); 100344172 (Rabbit)
Alternate Names	CVID11, IL-21, IL-21Za11interleukin-21, IL21, Za11, interleukin 21, interleukin-21 isoform

Citations for Recombinant Human IL-21 Protein (17)

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Citations are publications that use Bio-Techne products. Selected citations for Recombinant Human IL-21 Protein include:

Species: Human
Sample Types: Whole Cells
Applications: Bioassay

K Higashioka et al. (2020), Association of circulating SLAMF7+Tfh1 cells with IgG4 levels in patients with IgG4-related disease BMC Immunol., 21(1):31.
PMID: 32487061
Species: Human
Sample Types: Whole Cells
Applications: Cell Culture

F Franke et al. (2020), IL-21 in Conjunction with Anti-CD40 and IL-4 Constitutes a Potent Polyclonal B Cell Stimulator for Monitoring Antigen-Specific Memory B Cells Cells, 9(2).
PMID: 32069813
Species: Human
Sample Types: Whole Cells
Applications: Cell Culture

K Piotrowska et al. (2020), Over-Expression of Allograft Inflammatory Factor-1 (AIF-1) in Patients with Rheumatoid Arthritis Biomolecules, 10(7).
PMID: 32708725
Species: Human
Sample Types: Whole Cells
Applications: Cell Culture

H Gan et al. (2020), B cell Sirt1 deacetylates histone and non-histone proteins for epigenetic modulation of AID expression and the antibody response Sci Adv, 6(14):eaay2793.
PMID: 32270032
Species: Human
Sample Types: Whole Cells
Applications: Cell Culture

R Xu et al. (2020), IL-35 is critical in suppressing superantigenic Staphylococcus aureus-driven inflammatory Th17 responses in human nasopharynx-associated lymphoid tissue Mucosal Immunol, 13(3):460-470.
PMID: 31896761
Species: Human
Sample Types: Whole Cells
Applications: Cell Culture

I Dalloul et al. (2019), Locus suicide recombination actively occurs on the functionally rearranged IgH allele in B-cells from inflamed human lymphoid tissues PLoS Genet., 15(6):e1007721.
PMID: 31199803
Species: Human
Sample Types: Whole Cells
Applications: Cell Culture

LK Blevins et al. (2019), TCDD-mediated suppression of naï¿½ve human B cell IgM secretion involves aryl hydrocarbon receptor-mediated reduction in STAT3 serine 727 phosphorylation and is restored by Interferon-? Cell. Signal., 65(0):109447.
PMID: 31678681
Species: Human
Sample Types: Whole Cells
Applications: Cell Culture

R Kraaijevel et al. (2019), Inhibition of T Helper Cell Differentiation by Tacrolimus or Sirolimus Results in Reduced B-Cell Activation: Effects on T Follicular Helper Cells Transplant. Proc., 51(10):3463-3473.
PMID: 31733794
Species: Human
Sample Types: Whole Cells
Applications: Bioassay

KH Hung et al. (2018), The KDM4A/KDM4C/NF-?B and WDR5 epigenetic cascade regulates the activation of B cells Nucleic Acids Res., 0(0).
PMID: 29718303
Species: Human
Sample Types: Whole Cells
Applications: Bioassay

S Nagel et al. (2018), Aberrant expression of NKL homeobox gene HLX in Hodgkin lymphoma Oncotarget, 9(18):14338-14353.
PMID: 29581848
Species: Human
Sample Types: Whole Cells
Applications: Bioassay

T Kato et al. (2018), Effective screening of T cells recognizing neoantigens and construction of T-cell receptor-engineered T cells Oncotarget, 9(13):11009-11019.
PMID: 29541393
Species: Human
Sample Types: Whole Cells
Applications: Bioassay

H Zan et al. (2017), Rad52 competes with Ku70/Ku86 for binding to S-region DSB ends to modulate antibody class-switch DNA recombination Nat Commun, 8(0):14244.
PMID: 28176781
Species: Human
Sample Types: Whole Cells
Applications: Bioassay

J Geng et al. (2017), The transcriptional coactivator TAZ regulates reciprocal differentiation of TH17 cells and Treg cells Nat. Immunol., 0(0).
PMID: 28504697
Species: Human
Sample Types: Whole Cells
Applications: Bioassay

James B Canavan (2016), Developing in vitro expanded CD45RA+ regulatory T cells as an adoptive cell therapy for Crohn's disease Gut, 65(4):584-94.
PMID: 25715355
Species: Human
Sample Types: Whole Cells
Applications: Bioassay

(2016), The small FOXP1 isoform predominantly expressed in activated B cell-like diffuse large B-cell lymphoma and full length FOXP1 exert similar oncogenic and transcriptional activity in human B cells Haematologica, 0(0).
PMID: 27909217
Species: Human
Sample Types: Whole Cells
Applications: Bioassay

Wong et al. (2014), Eosinophils regulate peripheral B cell numbers in both mice and humans. J Immunol, 192(8):3548-58.
PMID: 24616476
Species: Human
Sample Types: Whole Cells
Applications: Bioassay

Kofler D et al. (2014), Decreased RORC-dependent silencing of prostaglandin receptor EP2 induces autoimmune Th17 cells. J Clin Invest, 124(6):2513-22.
PMID: 24812667

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Recombinant Human IL-21 Protein

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FAQs

Is there a mass to unit conversion for Recombinant Human IL-21 Protein (Catalog # 8879-IL & Catalog # 8879-IL/CF)?

We have not developed a specific mass to unit conversion factor for Recombinant Human IL-21 Protein (Catalog # 8879-IL & 8879-IL/CF). We recommend checking the Citations tab on the product-specific page to review publications citing use of the product. We also recommend performing a dose-response study for your assay to determine the optimal concentration for your experiment.

Recombinant Human IL-21 Protein

Order Information

Shipping Information

Key Product Details

Complete Your Research

Complete Your Experiment

Product Specifications

Recombinant Human IL-21 Protein Scientific Data Examples

Formulation, Preparation and Storage

Carrier Free

8879-IL

Carrier

8879-IL/CF

Carrier Free

Reconstitution Calculator

Background: IL-21

Citations for Recombinant Human IL-21 Protein (17)

Customer Reviews (3)

Customer Images

Recombinant Human IL-21 Protein

Recombinant Human IL-21 Protein

Recombinant Human IL-21 Protein

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