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Recombinant Canine GM-CSF Protein
Catalog # 1546-GM | R&D Systems, Inc. a Bio-Techne Brand
Key Product Details
Product Specifications
Source
E. coli-derived canine GM-CSF protein
Ala18-Lys144
Ala18-Lys144
Purity
>97%, by SDS-PAGE under reducing conditions and visualized by silver stain.
Endotoxin Level
<0.01 EU per 1 μg of the protein by the LAL method.
N-terminal Sequence Analysis
Ala18
Predicted Molecular Mass
14.2 kDa
Activity
Measured in a cell proliferation assay using TF‑1 human erythroleukemic cells. Kitamura, T. et al. (1989) J. Cell Physiol. 140:323.
The ED50 for this effect is 1-4 ng/mL.
The ED50 for this effect is 1-4 ng/mL.
Formulation, Preparation and Storage
Carrier Free
What does CF mean?CF stands for Carrier Free (CF). We typically add Bovine Serum Albumin (BSA) as a carrier protein to our recombinant proteins. Adding a carrier protein enhances protein stability, increases shelf-life, and allows the recombinant protein to be stored at a more dilute concentration. The carrier free version does not contain BSA.
What formulation is right for me?In general, we advise purchasing the recombinant protein with BSA for use in cell or tissue culture, or as an ELISA standard. In contrast, the carrier free protein is recommended for applications, in which the presence of BSA could interfere.
Carrier: 1546-GM
| Formulation | Lyophilized from a 0.2 μm filtered solution in PBS with BSA as a carrier protein. |
| Reconstitution | Reconstitute at 100 μg/mL in sterile PBS containing at least 0.1% human or bovine serum albumin. |
| Shipping | The product is shipped at ambient temperature. Upon receipt, store it immediately at the temperature recommended below. |
| Stability & Storage | Use a manual defrost freezer and avoid repeated freeze-thaw cycles.
|
Carrier Free: 1546-GM/CF
| Formulation | Lyophilized from a 0.2 μm filtered solution in PBS. |
| Reconstitution | Reconstitute at 100 μg/mL in sterile PBS. |
| Shipping | The product is shipped at ambient temperature. Upon receipt, store it immediately at the temperature recommended below. |
| Stability & Storage | Use a manual defrost freezer and avoid repeated freeze-thaw cycles.
|
Background: GM-CSF
GM-CSF was initially characterized as a factor that can support the in vitro colony formation of granulocyte-macrophage progenitors. It is also a growth factor for erythroid, megakaryocyte, and eosinophil progenitors. GM-CSF is produced by a number of different cell types (including T cells, B cells, macrophages, mast cells, endothelial cells, fibroblasts, and adipocytes) in response to cytokine or inflammatory stimuli. On mature hematopoietic cells, GM-CSF is a survival factor for and activates the effector functions of granulocytes, monocytes/macrophages, and eosinophils (1, 2). GM-CSF promotes a Th1 biased immune response, angiogenesis, allergic inflammation, and the development of autoimmunity (3 - 5). It shows clinical effectiveness in ameliorating chemotherapy-induced neutropenia, and GM-CSF transfected tumor cells are utilized as cancer vaccines (6, 7). The 22 kDa glycosylated GM-CSF, similar to IL-3 and IL-5, is a cytokine with a core of four bundled alpha-helices (8 - 10). Mature canine GM-CSF shares 49% - 57% amino acid sequence identity with mouse and rat GM-CSF and 69% - 72% with feline, human, and porcine GM-CSF. GM-CSF exerts its biological effects through a heterodimeric receptor complex composed of GM-CSF R alpha/CD116 and the signal transducing common beta chain (CD131) which is also a component of the high-affinity receptors for IL-3 and IL-5 (11, 12). In addition, GM-CSF binds a naturally occurring soluble form of GM-CSF R alpha (13). The activity of GM-CSF is species specific between human and mouse, although human GM-CSF is active on canine cells (14, 15).
References
- Martinez-Moczygemba, M. and D.P. Huston (2003) J. Allergy Clin. Immunol. 112:653.
- Barreda, D.R. et al. (2004) Dev. Comp. Immunol. 28:509.
- Eksioglu, E.A. et al. (2007) Exp. Hematol. 35:1163.
- Cao, Y. (2007) J. Clin. Invest. 117:2362.
- Fleetwood, A.J. et al. (2005) Crit. Rev. Immunol. 25:405.
- Heuser, M. et al. (2007) Semin. Hematol. 44:148.
- Hege, K.M. et al. (2006) Int. Rev. Immunol. 25:321.
- Kaushansky, K. et al. (1992) Biochemistry 31:1881.
- Diederichs, K. et al. (1991) Science 254:1779.
- Nash, R.A. et al. (1991) Blood 78:930.
- Onetto-Pothier, N. et al. (1990) Blood 75:59.
- Hayashida, K. et al. (1990) Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 87:9655.
- Pelley, J.L. et al. (2007) Exp. Hematol. 35:1483.
- Shanafelt, A.B. et al. (1991) J. Biol. Chem. 266:13804.
- Hogge, G.S. et al. (1990) Cancer Gene Ther. 6:26.
Long Name
Granulocyte Macrophage Growth Factor
Alternate Names
CSF-2, CSF2, GMCSF, Molgramostim, Sargramostim
Entrez Gene IDs
Gene Symbol
CSF2
UniProt
Product Documents for Recombinant Canine GM-CSF Protein
Product Specific Notices for Recombinant Canine GM-CSF Protein
For research use only
Citations for Recombinant Canine GM-CSF Protein (10)
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Citations are publications that use Bio-Techne products. Selected citations for Recombinant Canine GM-CSF Protein include:
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Species: Canine
Sample Types: Whole Cells
Applications: BioassayLW Stranahan et al. (2020-05-20), Evaluation of the Efficacy of the Brucella canis RM6/66 deltavjbR Vaccine Candidate for Protection against B. canis Infection in Mice mSphere, 2020-05(3).
PMID: 32434839 -
Species: Canine
Sample Types: Whole Cells
Applications: BioassayV Konduri et al. (2019-01-23), Dendritic cell vaccination plus low-dose doxorubicin for the treatment of spontaneous canine hemangiosarcoma Cancer Gene Ther., 2019-00(0).
PMID: 30670791 -
Species: Canine
Sample Types: Whole Cells
Applications: BioassayAJ Hernández- et al. (2018-10-05), Immunogenic potential of three transmissible venereal tumor cell lysates to prime canine-dendritic cells for cancer immunotherapy Res. Vet. Sci., 2018-1121(0):23-30.
PMID: 30316013 -
Species: Canine
Sample Types: Whole Cells
Applications: BioassayF Heinrich et al. (2017-08-17), Morphologic, phenotypic, and transcriptomic characterization of classically and alternatively activated canine blood-derived macrophages in vitro PLoS ONE, 2017-012(8):e0183572.
PMID: 28817687 -
Species: Canine
Sample Types: Whole Cells
Applications: Bioassay(2016-11-11), In Vitro Evaluation of the Biological Responses of Canine Macrophages Challenged with PLGA Nanoparticles Containing Monophosphoryl Lipid A PLoS ONE, 2016-111(11):e0165477.
PMID: 27835636 -
Species: Canine
Sample Types: Whole Cells
Applications: BioassayBauer TR et al. (2011-01-13), Treatment of canine leukocyte adhesion deficiency by foamy virus vectors expressing CD18 from a PGK promoter. Gene Ther., 2011-018(6):553-9.
PMID: 21228879 -
Species: Canine
Sample Types: Whole Cells
Applications: BioassayXiong W et al. (2010-06-11), Human Flt3L generates dendritic cells from canine peripheral blood precursors: implications for a dog glioma clinical trial. PLoS ONE, 2010-05(6):e11074.
PMID: 20552015 -
Species: Canine
Sample Types: Whole Cells
Applications: BioassayLange S et al. (2009-01-01), Investigation of immunological approaches to enhance engraftment in a 1 Gy TBI canine hematopoietic stem cell transplantation model. Exp. Hematol., 2009-037(1):143-50.
PMID: 19100524 -
Species: Canine
Sample Types: N/A,Serum
Applications: ELISA (Capture),ELISA (Standard)Choi EW et al. (2008-06-11), Preventive and therapeutic effects of gene therapy using silica nanoparticles-binding of GM-CSF gene on white blood cell production in dogs with leukopenia. Exp. Hematol., 2008-036(9):1091-7.
PMID: 18550260 -
Sample Types: N/A
Applications: ELISA (Standard)Choi EW et al. (2008-04-02), Effects of GM-CSF gene transfer using silica-nanoparticles as a vehicle on white blood cell production in dogs. Exp. Hematol., 2008-036(7):807-15.
PMID: 18375041
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