Mouse GITR/TNFRSF18 Antibody

Name: Mouse GITR/TNFRSF18 Antibody
Brand: R&D Systems
SKU: MAB5241

R&D Systems, Inc. a Bio-Techne Brand

Catalog # MAB5241

Citations (5)

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Key Product Details

Species Reactivity:	Mouse
Immunogen:	Mouse myeloma cell line NS0-derived recombinant mouse GITR/TNFRSF18 Met1-His153 Accession # O35714
Applications:	CyTOF-ready, Flow Cytometry, Western Blot
Label:	Unconjugated
Source:	Monoclonal Rat IgG_2A Clone # 108619
Specificity:	Detects mouse GITR/TNFRSF18 in direct ELISAs and Western blots. In direct ELISAs, no cross-reactivity with recombinant human (rh) 4‑1BB, recombinant mouse (rm) CD27, rmCD30, rmEDAR, rmFas, rhGITR, rhHVEM, rmRANK, rhTROY, and rmTNF R1 is observed.

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Applications for Mouse GITR/TNFRSF18 Antibody

	Recommended Concentration	Sample
Western Blot	1 µg/mL	Recombinant Mouse GITR/TNFRSF18 Fc Chimera (Catalog # 524-GR) under non-reducing conditions only
Flow Cytometry	0.25 µg/10⁶ cells	Mouse splenocytes
CyTOF-ready	Ready to be labeled using established conjugation methods. No BSA or other carrier proteins that could interfere with conjugation.

Please Note: Optimal dilutions should be determined by each laboratory for each application.

Formulation, Preparation and Storage

Purification	Protein A or G purified from hybridoma culture supernatant
Reconstitution	Reconstitute at 0.5 mg/mL in sterile PBS. Reconstitution Buffer Available: Size / Price Qty Loading... RB01:
Formulation	Lyophilized from a 0.2 μm filtered solution in PBS with Trehalose. *Small pack size (SP) is supplied either lyophilized or as a 0.2 µm filtered solution in PBS.
Shipping	The product is shipped at ambient temperature. Upon receipt, store it immediately at the temperature recommended below. *Small pack size (SP) is shipped with polar packs. Upon receipt, store it immediately at -20 to -70 °C
Stability & Storage	Use a manual defrost freezer and avoid repeated freeze-thaw cycles. 12 months from date of receipt, -20 to -70 °C as supplied. 1 month, 2 to 8 °C under sterile conditions after reconstitution. 6 months, -20 to -70 °C under sterile conditions after reconstitution.

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Background: GITR/TNFRSF18

GITR (glucocorticoid-induced tumor necrosis factor receptor; also named AITR) is a member of the co‑stimulatory subset of the TNF receptor superfamily (1, 2). In mouse, the GITR gene is composed of five exons and encodes multiple length isoforms that arise from alternate splicing. The “standard”, or first reported isoform is a type I transmembrane protein, 228 amino acids (aa) in length that contains a 19 aa signal sequence, a 134 aa extracellular region, a 21 aa transmembrane segment, and a 54 aa cytoplasmic domain. The extracellular region contains four potential N-linked glycosylation sites plus three cysteine-rich pseudorepeats of about 40 aa each (3, 4). The extracellular regions of mouse and human are 57% aa identical. The cytoplasmic domain has a P-x-Q/E-E motif that is known to associate with TRAF2. This is a common characteristic of TNFRSF members with co‑stimulatory functions (4). Three other mouse GITR isoforms (B, C and D) have been reported (5). All share the same N-terminal 101 of 134 aa in the extracellular region (including pseudorepeats #1, #2 and one-half of #3). Isoform D diverges at aa #101 and continues for another 12 aa for a total length of 113 aa. This is a naturally-occurring soluble form. Isoforms B and C show splicing in their cytoplasmic tails that creates cytoplasmic domains of 118 aa and 46 aa, respectively. In both the B and C isoforms, the TRAF2 binding site is spliced out, with a p56^lck binding site inserted in isoform B (4). Given its membership in the TNFRSF, it likely functions as a trimer on the cell surface (2). GITR is predominantly expressed on CD4⁺CD25⁺ regulatory T cells (Treg) and naïve CD8⁺ and CD4⁺ CD25^- T cells, where its expression is up-regulated after antigen-driven activation. GITR activation provides co‑stimulatory signals for activated CD4⁺ CD25- T cells to enhance cell proliferation and augment cytokine production (IL-2, IL-4, IFN-gamma ). On CD4⁺ CD25⁺ Treg cells, GITR activation provides co‑stimulatory signals to induce proliferation, setting Treg cells in an active/hyperproliferactive state (6‑8).

Item	Value
References	Kwon, B. et al. (2003) Exp. Mol. Med. 35:8. Croft, M. (2003) Nat. Rev. Immunol. 3:609. Nocentini, G. et al. (1997) Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 94:6216. Nocentini, G. et al. (2000) DNA Cell Biol. 19:205. Nocentini, G. et al. (2000) Cell Death Differ. 7:408. Tone, M. et al. (2003) Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 100:15059. Ji, H. et al. (2004) J. Immunol. 172:5823. Stephens, G.L. et al. (2004) 173:5008.
Long Name	Glucocorticoid Induced TNF Receptor Family Related Gene
Entrez Gene IDs	8784 (Human); 21936 (Mouse); 500598 (Rat); 102146362 (Cynomolgus Monkey)
Alternate Names	AITR, AITRTNF receptor superfamily activation-inducible protein, Activation-inducible TNFR family receptor, CD357, CD357 antigen, GITR, GITR-D, GITRtumor necrosis factor receptor superfamily member 18, Glucocorticoid-induced TNFR-related protein, TNFRSF18, tumor necrosis factor receptor superfamily, member 18

Citations for Mouse GITR/TNFRSF18 Antibody (5)

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Citations are publications that use Bio-Techne products. Selected citations for Mouse GITR/TNFRSF18 Antibody include:

Species: Mouse
Sample Types: Whole Cells
Applications: Flow Cytometry

Dobrzynski E et al. (2006), Prevention of cytotoxic T lymphocyte responses to factor IX-expressing hepatocytes by gene transfer-induced regulatory T cells. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A., 103(12):4592-7.
PMID: 16537361
Species: Mouse
Sample Types: Whole Cells
Applications: Flow Cytometry

Huang X et al. (2005), Protection against autoimmunity in nonlymphopenic hosts by CD4+ CD25+ regulatory T cells is antigen-specific and requires IL-10 and TGF-beta. J. Immunol., 175(7):4283-91.
PMID: 16177068
Species: Mouse
Sample Types: Whole Cells
Applications: Flow Cytometry

Ji HB et al. (2004), Cutting edge: the natural ligand for glucocorticoid-induced TNF receptor-related protein abrogates regulatory T cell suppression. J. Immunol., 172(10):5823-7.
PMID: 15128759
Species: Mouse
Sample Types: Whole Cells
Applications: Flow Cytometry

Ji HB et al. (2004), Cutting edge: the natural ligand for glucocorticoid-induced TNF receptor-related protein abrogates regulatory T cell suppression. J. Immunol., 172(10):5823-7.
PMID: 15128759
Species: Mouse
Sample Types: Whole Cells
Applications: Flow Cytometry

Khattri et al. (2003), An essential role for Scurfin in CD4+CD25+ T regulatory cells. Nat Immunol, 4(4):337-42.
PMID: 12612581

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