Human/Mouse/Rat RAGE Antibody

Name: Human/Mouse/Rat RAGE Antibody
Brand: R&D Systems
SKU: AF1179

R&D Systems, Inc. a Bio-Techne Brand

Catalog # AF1179

Citations (13)

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Key Product Details

Species Reactivity:	Human, Mouse, Rat
Immunogen:	Mouse myeloma cell line NS0-derived recombinant mouse RAGE Gln24-Ala342 Accession # O35444
Applications:	Block/Neutralize, Immunohistochemistry, Western Blot
Label:	Unconjugated
Source:	Polyclonal Goat IgG
Specificity:	Detects human, mouse, and rat RAGE in Western blots. In direct ELISAs, less than 2% cross-reactivity with recombinant canine RAGE is observed.

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Applications for Human/Mouse/Rat RAGE Antibody

	Recommended Concentration	Sample
Western Blot	0.1-1 µg/mL	See below
Immunohistochemistry	5-15 µg/mL	See below
Blockade of Receptor-ligand Interaction	In a functional ELISA, 15-35 µg/mL of this antibody will block 50% of the binding of 500 ng/mL of biotinylated AGE-BSA to immobilized Recombinant Mouse RAGE Fc Chimera (Catalog # 1179-RG) coated at 5 µg/mL (100 µL/well). At 166 μg/mL, this antibody will block >90% of the binding.

Please Note: Optimal dilutions should be determined by each laboratory for each application.

Scientific Data Examples for Human/Mouse/Rat RAGE Antibody

	Western Blot Detection of Human RAGE by Western Blot. Western blot shows lysates of human lung tissue. PVDF membrane was probed with 1 µg/mL of Goat Anti-Human/Mouse/Rat RAGE Antigen Affinity-purified Polyclonal Antibody (Catalog # AF1179) followed by HRP-conjugated Anti-Goat IgG Secondary Antibody (Catalog # HAF017). A specific band was detected for RAGE at approximately 50 kDa (as indicated). This experiment was conducted under reducing conditions and using Immunoblot Buffer Group 1.
	Western Blot Detection of Mouse and Rat RAGE by Western Blot. Western blot shows lysates of mouse lung tissue and rat lung tissue. PVDF membrane was probed with 0.1 µg/mL of Goat Anti-Human/Mouse/Rat RAGE Antigen Affinity-purified Polyclonal Antibody (Catalog # AF1179) followed by HRP-conjugated Anti-Goat IgG Secondary Antibody (Catalog # HAF017). Specific bands were detected for RAGE at approximately 40-50 kDa (as indicated). This experiment was conducted under reducing conditions and using Immunoblot Buffer Group 1.
	Immunohistochemistry RAGE in Mouse Brain. RAGE was detected in immersion fixed frozen sections of mouse brain using Goat Anti-Mouse/Rat RAGE Antigen Affinity-purified Polyclonal Antibody (Catalog # AF1179) at 15 µg/mL overnight at 4 °C. Tissue was stained using the NorthernLights™ 557-conjugated Anti-Goat IgG Secondary Antibody (red; Catalog # NL001) and counterstained with DAPI (blue). Specific staining was localized to neurons. View our protocol for Fluorescent IHC Staining of Frozen Tissue Sections.

Formulation, Preparation and Storage

Purification	Antigen Affinity-purified
Endotoxin level	<0.10 EU per 1 μg of the antibody by the LAL method.
Reconstitution	Reconstitute at 0.2 mg/mL in sterile PBS. Reconstitution Buffer Available: Size / Price Qty Loading... RB01:
Formulation	Lyophilized from a 0.2 μm filtered solution in PBS with Trehalose. *Small pack size (SP) is supplied either lyophilized or as a 0.2 µm filtered solution in PBS.
Shipping	The product is shipped at ambient temperature. Upon receipt, store it immediately at the temperature recommended below. *Small pack size (SP) is shipped with polar packs. Upon receipt, store it immediately at -20 to -70 °C
Stability & Storage	Use a manual defrost freezer and avoid repeated freeze-thaw cycles. 12 months from date of receipt, -20 to -70 °C as supplied. 1 month, 2 to 8 °C under sterile conditions after reconstitution. 6 months, -20 to -70 °C under sterile conditions after reconstitution.

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Background: RAGE/AGER

Advanced glycation endproducts (AGE) are adducts formed by the non-enzymatic glycation or oxidation of macromolecules (1). AGE forms during aging and its formation is accelerated under pathophysiologic states such as diabetes, Alzheimer’s disease, renal failure and immune/inflammatory disorders. Receptor for Advanced Glycation Endoproducts (RAGE), named for its ability to bind AGE, is a multiligand receptor belonging the immunoglobulin (Ig) superfamily. Besides AGE, RAGE binds amyloid beta -peptide, S100/calgranulin family proteins, high mobility group B1 (HMGB1, also know as amphoterin) and leukocyte integrins (1, 2).

The mouse RAGE gene encodes a 403 amino acid (aa) residue type I transmembrane glycoprotein with a 22 aa signal peptide, a 319 aa extracellular domain containing a Ig-like V-type domain and two Ig-like Ce-type domains, a 21 aa transmembrane domain and a 41 aa cytoplasmic domain (3). The V-type domain and the cytoplasmic domain are important for ligand binding and for intracellular signaling, respectively. Two alternative splice variants, lacking the V-type domain or the cytoplasmic tail, are known (1, 4). RAGE is highly expressed in the embryonic central nervous system (5). In adult tissues, RAGE is expressed at low levels in multiple tissues including endothelial and smooth muscle cells, mononuclear phagocytes, pericytes, microglia, neurons, cardiac myocytes, and hepatocytes (6). The expression of RAGE is upregulated upon ligand interaction. Depending on the cellular context and interacting ligand, RAGE activation can trigger differential signaling pathways that affect divergent pathways of gene expression (1, 7). RAGE activation modulates varied essential cellular responses (including inflammation, immunity, proliferation, cellular adhesion, and migration) that contribute to cellular dysfunction associated with chronic diseases such as diabetes, cancer, amyloidoses, and immune or inflammatory disorders (1).

Item	Value
References	Schmidt, A. et al. (2001) J. Clin. Invest. 108:949. Chavakis, T. et al. (2003) J. Exp. Med. 198:507. Renard, C. et al. (1997) Mol. Pharmacol. 52:54. Yonekura, H. et al. (2003) Biochem. J. 370:1097. Hori, O. et al. (1995) J. Biol. Chem. 270:25752. Brett, J. et al. (1993) Am. J. Pathol. 143:1699. Valencia, J.V. et al. (2004) Diabetes 53:743.
Long Name	Receptor for Advanced Glycation End Products
Entrez Gene IDs	177 (Human); 11596 (Mouse); 81722 (Rat); 403168 (Canine)
Alternate Names	AGER, RAGE, RAGE isoform delta, RAGE isoform sRAGE-delta, Receptor for advanced glycosylation end products, SCARJ1, advanced glycosylation end product-specific receptor, receptor for advanced glycosylation end-products

Citations for Human/Mouse/Rat RAGE Antibody (13)

Showing 1 - 10 of 13 citations Showing All

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Citations are publications that use Bio-Techne products. Selected citations for Human/Mouse/Rat RAGE Antibody include:

Species: Mouse
Sample Types: Cell Lysates
Applications: Western Blot

M Li et al. (2022), Heparan sulfate-dependent RAGE oligomerization is indispensable for pathophysiological functions of RAGE Elife, 11(0).
PMID: 35137686
Species: Human
Sample Types: Whole Tissue
Applications: IHC

C Monteiro et al. (2022), Stratification of radiosensitive brain metastases based on an actionable S100A9/RAGE resistance mechanism Nature Medicine, 28(4):752-765.
PMID: 35411077
Species: Mouse
Sample Types: Whole Cells
Applications: Neutralization

A Kitaura et al. (2021), Advanced glycation end-products reduce lipopolysaccharide uptake by macrophages PLoS ONE, 16(1):e0245957.
PMID: 33493233
Species: Mouse
Sample Types: Tissue Homogenates
Applications: Western Blot

KA Sanders et al. (2019), RAGE is a Critical Mediator of Pulmonary Oxidative Stress, Alveolar Macrophage Activation and Emphysema in Response to Cigarette Smoke Sci Rep, 9(1):231.
PMID: 30659203
Species: Mouse
Sample Types: Whole Tissue
Applications: IHC

L Wolf et al. (2017), Receptor for advanced glycation endproducts (RAGE) maintains pulmonary structure and regulates the response to cigarette smoke PLoS ONE, 12(7):e0180092.
PMID: 28678851
Species: Mouse
Sample Types: Whole Cells
Applications: Flow Cytometry

Goury A et al. (2015), Deletion of receptor for advanced glycation end products exacerbates lymphoproliferative syndrome and lupus nephritis in B6-MRL Fas lpr/j mice. J Immunol, 194(8):3612-22.
PMID: 25762779
Species: Mouse
Sample Types: Cell Lysates
Applications: Western Blot

Sade-Feldman M et al. (2013), Tumor necrosis factor-alpha blocks differentiation and enhances suppressive activity of immature myeloid cells during chronic inflammation. Immunity, 38(3):541-54.
PMID: 23477736
Species: Rabbit
Sample Types: Whole Tissue
Applications: IHC-P

Mallidis C et al. (2011), Spermatogenic and sperm quality differences in an experimental model of metabolic syndrome and hypogonadal hypogonadism. Reproduction, 142(1):63-71.
PMID: 21464116
Species: Rat
Sample Types: Whole Cells
Applications: ICC

Yamakawa N et al. (2011), Proteolytic release of the receptor for advanced glycation end products from in vitro and in situ alveolar epithelial cells. Am. J. Physiol. Lung Cell Mol. Physiol., 300(4):L516-25.
PMID: 21257730
Species: Mouse
Sample Types: BALF
Applications: Western Blot

Zhang SX et al. (2009), Type I epithelial cells are the main target of whole-body hypoxic preconditioning in the lung. Am. J. Respir. Cell Mol. Biol., 40(3):332-9.
PMID: 18776132
Species: Rat
Sample Types: In Vivo
Applications: Electrophysiology

Sakatani S et al. (2008), Neural-activity-dependent release of S100B from astrocytes enhances kainate-induced gamma oscillations in vivo. J. Neurosci., 28(43):10928-36.
PMID: 18945900
Species: Mouse
Sample Types: Cell Lysates
Applications: Western Blot

Harja E et al. (2008), Vascular and inflammatory stresses mediate atherosclerosis via RAGE and its ligands in apoE-/- mice. J. Clin. Invest., 118(1):183-94.
PMID: 18079965
Species: Chicken
Sample Types: In Ovo
Applications: Neutralization

Mitola S et al. (2006), Cutting edge: extracellular high mobility group box-1 protein is a proangiogenic cytokine. J. Immunol., 176(1):12-5.
PMID: 16365390

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Human/Mouse/Rat RAGE Antibody

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Formulation, Preparation and Storage

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Background: RAGE/AGER

Citations for Human/Mouse/Rat RAGE Antibody (13)

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