HCoV-229E belongs to a family of viruses known as coronaviruses that are commonly comprised of a large plus-strand RNA genome and four structural proteins: Spike protein (S), Envelope protein (E), Membrane protein (M), and Nucleocapsid protein (N). HCoV-229E is a member of the alpha-coronavirus family and was discovered in 1966 (1, 2). Other well-known human coronaviruses include three viruses that cause relatively mild respiratory disease: HCoV-NL63, HCoV-HKU1 and HCov-OC43, plus three viruses that caused the Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome (SARS-CoV), the Middle East Respirator Syndrome (MERS-CoV), and the global pandemic Covid-19 (SARS-CoV2). HCov-229E Spike Protein (S Protein) is a glycoprotein that mediates membrane fusion and viral entry. As with most coronaviruses, proteolytic cleavage of the S protein generates two distinct peptides, S1 and S2 subunits. The S1 subunit is focused on attachment of the protein to the host receptor while the S2 subunit is involved with cell fusion. Although HCoV-229E S protein shares high homology (56%) with HCoV-NL63, it does not employ Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme 2 (ACE2) as the receptor like HCoV-NL63. Instead, HCoV-229E engages CD13 (aminopeptidase N) for cellular entry and replication (3). The receptor binding domain (RBD) of HCoV-229E is solely responsible for receptor binding through three extended receptor binding loops (4).

Long Name

Spike Receptor Binding Domain

Entrez Gene IDs

3200426 (HCoV-HKU1); 14254594 (MERS-CoV); 1489668 (SARS-CoV); 43740568 (SARS-CoV-2)

Gene Symbol

UniProt

P15423.1

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This product is provided under an agreement between Life Technologies Corporation and R&D Systems, Inc, and the manufacture, use, sale or import of this product is subject to one or more US patents and corresponding non-US equivalents, owned by Life Technologies Corporation and its affiliates. The purchase of this product conveys to the buyer the non-transferable right to use the purchased amount of the product and components of the product only in research conducted by the buyer (whether the buyer is an academic or for-profit entity). The sale of this product is expressly conditioned on the buyer not using the product or its components (1) in manufacturing; (2) to provide a service, information, or data to an unaffiliated third party for payment; (3) for therapeutic, diagnostic or prophylactic purposes; (4) to resell, sell, or otherwise transfer this product or its components to any third party, or for any other commercial purpose. Life Technologies Corporation will not assert a claim against the buyer of the infringement of the above patents based on the manufacture, use or sale of a commercial product developed in research by the buyer in which this product or its components was employed, provided that neither this product nor any of its components was used in the manufacture of such product. For information on purchasing a license to this product for purposes other than research, contact Life Technologies Corporation, Cell Analysis Business Unit, Business Development, 29851 Willow Creek Road, Eugene, OR 97402, Tel: (541) 465-8300. Fax: (541) 335-0354.

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HCoV-229E Human Coronavirus Spike RBD Alexa Fluor® 647-conjugated Antibody

R&D Systems, part of Bio-Techne | Catalog # FAB10938R

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Background: Spike RBD