Thymosin alpha 1/PTMA: Proteins and Enzymes

Thymosin alpha 1 is a protein that helps mediate immune function by conferring resistance to various infections, and has two isoforms, with lengths of 111 and 110 amino acids and both weighing approximately 12 kDa. Current studies are being done on several diseases and disorders related to this protein including severe acute respiratory syndrome, myasthenia gravis, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, hepatitis, liver cirrhosis, male infertility, thymoma, pituitary adenoma, hepatocellular carcinoma, hepatoblastoma, sepsis, tonsillitis, gastric adenocarcinoma, and breast cancer. Thymosin alpha 1 has also been shown to have interactions with HIST1H4A, HIST1H4B, HIST1H4C, HIST1H4D, and HIST1H4E in pathways such as the C-MYC transcriptional activation pathway.