Brefeldin A

Product Description

Brefeldin A is a reversible inhibitor of protein translocation from the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) to the Golgi apparatus. Blocks binding of ADP-ribosylation factor (ARF1) to the Golgi apparatus and inhibits GDP-GTP exchange, leading to activation of ER stress signaling pathways. Can be used to induce autophagy in mammalian cells. Also enhances CRISPR-mediated homology-directed repair (HDR) efficiency ~2-fold when applied at 100 nM, in human induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs). Antifungal.

Solubility

Preparing Stock Solutions for Brefeldin A

The following data is based on the product molecular weight 280.36

Batch specific molecular weights may vary from batch to batch due to the degree of hydration, which all affect the solvent volumes required to prepare stock solutions.

Select a batch to recalculate based on the batch molecular weight:

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Concentration / Solvent Volume / Mass	1 mg	5 mg	10 mg
0.5 mM	7.13 mL	35.67 mL	71.34 mL
2.5 mM	1.43 mL	7.13 mL	14.27 mL
5 mM	0.71 mL	3.57 mL	7.13 mL
25 mM	0.14 mL	0.71 mL	1.43 mL

Calculators

Background References

References are publications that support the biological activity of the product.

• Oh-Hashi Elucidation of brefeldin A-induced ER and Golgi stress responses in Neuro2a cells. Mol. Cell. Biochem. 2021 PMID: 34129155
• Yu Small molecules enhance CRISPR genome editing in pluripotent stem cells. Cell Stem Cell 2015 PMID: 25658371
• Ding Differential effects of endoplasmic reticulum stress-induced autophagy on cell survival. J.Biol.Chem. 2007 PMID: 17135238
• Tsai Identification of a brefeldin A-insensitive guanine nucleotide-exchange protein for ADP-ribosylation factor in bovine brain. Proc.Natl.Acad.Sci.U.S.A. 1994 PMID: 8159707
• Morinaga Isolation of a brefeldin A-inhibited guanine nucleotide-exchange protein for ADP ribosylation factor (ARF)1 and ARF3 that contains a Sec7-like domain. Proc.Natl.Acad.Sci.U.S.A. 1996 PMID: 8917509
• Ktistakis Action of brefeldin A blocked by activation of a pertussis-toxin-sensitive G protein. Nature 1992 PMID: 1549178