Source	E. coli-derived human VEGF protein Ala27-Arg131, followed by SLTRKD (B isoform, Reference 7)
Purity	>95%, by SDS-PAGE visualized with Silver Staining and quantitative densitometry by Coomassie® Blue Staining.
Endotoxin level	<0.10 EU per 1 μg of the protein by the LAL method.
N-terminal sequence Analysis	Pro28
Predicted Molecular Mass	13 kDa
SDS-PAGE	12 kDa, reducing conditions
Activity	Measured by its binding ability in a functional ELISA. When Recombinant Human VEGF R2/KDR Fc Chimera (Catalog # 357-KD) is immobilized at 2 µg/mL (100 µL/well), Recombinant Human VEGF 111b binds with an ED₅₀ of 12-72 ng/mL.

Recombinant Human VEGF-111b Protein, CF Scientific Data Examples

	Recombinant Human VEGF-111b Protein Binding Activity When Recombinant Human VEGF R2/KDR Fc Chimera (Catalog # 357-KD) is immobilized at 2 µg/mL, Recombinant Human VEGF111b (Catalog # 10036-VE) binds with an ED₅₀ of 12-72 ng/mL.
	Recombinant Human VEGF-111b Protein SDS-PAGE 2 μg/lane of Recombinant Human VEGF 111b was resolved with SDS-PAGE under reducing (R) and non-reducing (NR) conditions and visualized by Coomassie® Blue staining, showing bands at 12 kDa and 33 kDa, respectively.

Formulation, Preparation and Storage

Carrier Free

What does CF mean?

CF stands for Carrier Free (CF). We typically add Bovine Serum Albumin (BSA) as a carrier protein to our recombinant proteins. Adding a carrier protein enhances protein stability, increases shelf-life, and allows the recombinant protein to be stored at a more dilute concentration. The carrier free version does not contain BSA.

What formulation is right for me?

In general, we advise purchasing the recombinant protein with BSA for use in cell or tissue culture, or as an ELISA standard. In contrast, the carrier free protein is recommended for applications, in which the presence of BSA could interfere.

10036-VE

Formulation	Lyophilized from a 0.2 μm filtered solution in HCl.
Reconstitution	Reconstitute at 500 μg/mL in 4 mM HCl.
Shipping	The product is shipped with polar packs. Upon receipt, store it immediately at the temperature recommended below.
Stability & Storage:	Use a manual defrost freezer and avoid repeated freeze-thaw cycles. 12 months from date of receipt, ≤ -20 °C as supplied. 1 month, 2 to 8 °C under sterile conditions after reconstitution. 3 months, ≤ -20 °C under sterile conditions after reconstitution.

Reconstitution Calculator

The reconstitution calculator allows you to quickly calculate the volume of a reagent to reconstitute your vial. Simply enter the mass of reagent and the target concentration and the calculator will determine the rest.

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Background: VEGF

Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor (VEGF or VEGF-A), also known as Vascular Permeability Factor (VPF), is a potent mediator of both angiogenesis and vasculogenesis in the fetus and adult (1-3). It is a member of the PDGF family that is characterized by the presence of eight conserved cysteine residues and a cystine knot structure (4). Two families of VEGF isoforms are produced through alternative splicing: VEGF xxx (pro-angiogenic) and VEGF xxxb (anti-angiogenic) families that differ by only six amino-acids at the C-terminal end. The B isoform ends with SLTRKD instead of CDKPRR (5). The first verified and widely reported VEGF xxxb family member is VEGF 165b (6). VEGF 111b is a newly discovered member that is induced by UV-B irradiation or by mitomycin C. It doesn't express in normal conditions and has a remarkable resistance to proteolysis (6). Human VEGF 111b shares 87% aa sequence identity with corresponding regions of mouse and rat VEGF. VEGF 111b contains binding domains for VEGF R1 and VEGF R2, however it lacks binding sites for NRP-1 and heparin and cleavage sites for plasmin and matrix metalloproteinases (7, 8). VEGF 111b has been shown to inhibit the proliferation of HUVECs and ovarian cancer cells as well as migration and tube formation of HUVECs (6-7). It has been demonstrated that VEGF 111b functions through VEGF R2 to inhibit the downstream PI3K, Akt, and ERK1/2 signaling pathways (6, 7).

Item	Value
References	Leung, D.W. et al. (1989) Science 246:1306. Keck, P.J. et al. (1989) Science 246:1309. Byrne, A.M. et al. (2005) J. Cell. Mol. Med. 9:777. Robinson, C.J. and Stringer, S.E. (2001) J. Cell. Sci. 114:853. Nowak, D.G. et al. (2008) J. Cell Sci. 121:3487. Li, X. et al. (2015). J.Transl. Med.13:164. Gu, F. et al. (2013) Biochem Biophys Res Commun. 441:18. Dehghanian, F. and Hojati, Z. (2014) Gene 553:57.
Long Name	Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor
Entrez Gene IDs	7422 (Human); 22339 (Mouse); 83785 (Rat); 281572 (Bovine); 403802 (Canine); 493845 (Feline); 30682 (Zebrafish)
Alternate Names	MVCD1, VAS, VEGF, VEGF-A, VEGFA, VEGFMGC70609, VPF, VPFvascular endothelial growth factor, Vascular permeability factor, Vasculotropin, vascular endothelial growth factor A

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Recombinant Human VEGF-111b Protein, CF

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