What is the molecular weight of porcine TGF-beta 2 on a Western blot?

Name: Porcine TGF-beta 2 Protein
Brand: R&D Systems
SKU: 102-B2

Under reducing conditions, TGF-beta 2 appears at 12.5 kDa, and under non-reducing conditions at 25 kDa.

Porcine TGF-beta 2 Protein

R&D Systems, Inc. a Bio-Techne Brand

Catalog # 102-B2

Citations (8)

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Key Product Details

Source:	Porcine Platelets
Structure / Form:	Disulfide-linked homodimer
Applications:	Bioactivity

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Product Specifications for Porcine TGF-beta 2 Protein

Source	Porcine platelet-derived TGF-beta 2 protein
Purity	>97%, by SDS-PAGE under reducing conditions and visualized by silver stain.
Endotoxin level	<0.01 EU per 1 μg of the protein by the LAL method.
SDS-PAGE	12 kDa, reducing conditions
Activity	Measured by its ability to inhibit the IL-4-dependent proliferation of HT‑2 mouse T cells. Tsang, M. et al. (1995) Cytokine 7:389. The ED₅₀ for this effect is 0.03-0.18 ng/mL.

Formulation, Preparation and Storage

Carrier Free

What does CF mean?

CF stands for Carrier Free (CF). We typically add Bovine Serum Albumin (BSA) as a carrier protein to our recombinant proteins. Adding a carrier protein enhances protein stability, increases shelf-life, and allows the recombinant protein to be stored at a more dilute concentration. The carrier free version does not contain BSA.

102-B2

Carrier

Formulation	Lyophilized from a 0.2 μm filtered solution in Acetonitrile and TFA with BSA as a carrier protein.
Reconstitution	Reconstitute at 1 μg/mL in sterile 4 mM HCl containing at least 0.1% human or bovine serum albumin.
Shipping	The product is shipped at ambient temperature. Upon receipt, store it immediately at the temperature recommended below.
Stability & Storage:	Use a manual defrost freezer and avoid repeated freeze-thaw cycles. 12 months from date of receipt, -20 to -70 °C as supplied. 1 month, 2 to 8 °C under sterile conditions after reconstitution. 3 months, -20 to -70 °C under sterile conditions after reconstitution.

102-B2/CF

Carrier Free

Formulation	Lyophilized from a 0.2 μm filtered solution in Acetonitrile and TFA.
Reconstitution	Reconstitute at 10 µg/mL in sterile 4 mM HCl containing at least 0.1% human or bovine serum albumin.
Shipping	The product is shipped at ambient temperature. Upon receipt, store it immediately at the temperature recommended below.
Stability & Storage:	Use a manual defrost freezer and avoid repeated freeze-thaw cycles. 12 months from date of receipt, -20 to -70 °C as supplied. 1 month, 2 to 8 °C under sterile conditions after reconstitution. 3 months, -20 to -70 °C under sterile conditions after reconstitution.

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The reconstitution calculator allows you to quickly calculate the volume of a reagent to reconstitute your vial. Simply enter the mass of reagent and the target concentration and the calculator will determine the rest.

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Background: TGF-beta 2

TGF-beta 2 (transforming growth factor beta 2) is one of three closely related mammalian members of the large TGF-beta superfamily that share a characteristic cysteine knot structure (1 - 7). TGF-beta 1, -2 and -3 are highly pleiotropic cytokines are proposed to act as cellular switches that regulate processes such as immune function, proliferation and epithelial-mesenchymal transition (1 - 4). Each TGF-beta isoform has some non-redundant functions; for TGF-beta 2, mice with targeted deletion show defects in development of cardiac, lung, craniofacial, limb, eye, ear and urogenital systems (2). Porcine TGF-beta 2 cDNA encodes a 435 amino acid (aa) precursor that contains a 19 aa signal peptide and a 416 aa proprotein (8). A furin-like convertase processes the proprotein to generate an N-terminal 232 aa latency-associated peptide (LAP) and a C-terminal 112 aa mature TGF- beta 2 (8, 9). Disulfide-linked homodimers of LAP and TGF-beta 2 remain non-covalently associated after secretion, forming the small latent TGF-beta 1 complex (8 - 10). Covalent linkage of LAP to one of three latent TGF-beta binding proteins (LTBPs) creates a large latent complex that may interact with the extracellular matrix (9, 10). TGF-beta is activated from latency by pathways that include actions of the protease plasmin, matrix metalloproteases, thrombospondin 1 and a subset of integrins (10). Mature porcine TGF-beta 2 shows 100% aa identity with human, dog, horse and cow TGF-beta 2, and 97% aa identity with mouse and rat TGF-beta 2. It demonstrates cross-species activity (1). TGF-beta 2 signaling begins with binding to a complex of the accessory receptor betaglycan (also known as TGF-beta RIII) and a type II ser/thr kinase receptor termed TGF-beta RII. This receptor then phosphorylates and activates another ser/thr kinase receptor, TGF-beta RI (also called activin receptor-like kinase (ALK) -5), or alternatively, ALK-1.The whole complex phosphorylates and activates Smad proteins that regulate transcription (3, 11, 12). Use of other signaling pathways that are Smad-independent allows for disparate actions observed in response to TGF-beta in different contexts (11).

Item	Value
References	Sporn, M.B. (2006) Cytokine Growth Factor Rev. 17:3. Dunker, N. and K. Krieglstein (2000) Eur. J. Biochem. 267:6982. Wahl, S.M. (2006) Immunol. Rev. 213:213. Chang, H. et al. (2002) Endocr. Rev. 23:787. Lin, J.S. et al. (2006) Reproduction 132:179. Hinck, A.P. et al. (1996) Biochemistry 35:8517. Mittl, P.R.E. et al. (1996) Protein Sci. 5:1261. Cheifetz, S. et al. (1987) Cell 48:409. Miyazono, K. et al. (1988) J. Biol. Chem. 263:6407. Oklu, R. and R. Hesketh (2000) Biochem. J. 352:601. de Caestecker, M. et al. (2004) Cytokine Growth Factor Rev. 15:1. Zuniga, J.E. et al. (2005) J. Mol. Biol. 354:1052.
Long Name	Transforming Growth Factor beta 2
Entrez Gene IDs	7042 (Human); 21808 (Mouse); 397084 (Porcine)
Alternate Names	BSC-1 cell growth inhibitor, G-TSF, Glioblastoma-derived T-cell suppressor factor, MGC116892, TGF-beta 2, TGF-beta-2, TGF-beta2, TGFB2, TGFbeta 2, cetermin, polyergin, transforming growth factor beta-2, transforming growth factor, beta 2

Citations for Porcine TGF-beta 2 Protein (8)

Showing 1 - 8 of 8 citations Showing All

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Citations are publications that use Bio-Techne products. Selected citations for Porcine TGF-beta 2 Protein include:

Species: Bovine
Sample Types: Milk
Applications: ELISA Standard

RJ Playford et al. (2021), Methods to improve efficacy of orally administered bioactive peptides using bovine colostrum as an exemplar PLoS ONE, 16(6):e0253422.
PMID: 34138960
Species: Porcine
Sample Types: Whole Cells
Applications: Bioassay

A Yogi et al. (2021), Differentiation of Adipose-Derived Stem Cells into Vascular Smooth Muscle Cells for Tissue Engineering Applications Biomedicines, 9(7).
PMID: 34356861
Species: Porcine
Sample Types: Whole Tissue
Applications: Bioassay

T Fujimoto et al. (2021), Suberoylanilide hydroxamic acid (SAHA) inhibits transforming growth factor-beta 2-induced increases in aqueous humor outflow resistance The Journal of Biological Chemistry, 0(0):101070.
PMID: 34389355
Species: Human
Sample Types: Whole Cells
Applications: Bioassay

N Shiraki et al. (2021), PAX6-positive microglia evolve locally in hiPSC-derived ocular organoids Stem Cell Reports, 0(0).
PMID: 35030319
Species: Mink
Sample Types: Whole Cellks
Applications: Bioassay

S Holvoet et al. (2019), Oral Tolerance Induction to Newly Introduced Allergen is Favored by a Transforming Growth Factor-beta-Enriched Formula Nutrients, 11(9).
PMID: 31540231
Species: Human
Sample Types: Whole Cells
Applications: Bioassay

Buijs JT et al. (2007), Bone morphogenetic protein 7 in the development and treatment of bone metastases from breast cancer. Cancer Res., 67(18):8742-51.
PMID: 17875715
Species: Porcine
Sample Types: Whole Cells
Applications: Bioassay

Saika S et al. (2004), Smad3 is required for dedifferentiation of retinal pigment epithelium following retinal detachment in mice. Lab. Invest., 84(10):1245-58.
PMID: 15273699
Species: Xenopus
Sample Types: In Vivo
Applications: In Vivo

Mogi K et al. (2003), Xenopus neurula left-right asymmetry is respeficied by microinjecting TGF-beta5 protein. Int. J. Dev. Biol., 47(1):15-29.
PMID: 12653248

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Showing 1 - 8 of 8 citations Showing All

FAQs for Porcine TGF-beta 2 Protein

What is the molecular weight of porcine TGF-beta 2 on a Western blot?

Under reducing conditions, TGF-beta 2 appears at 12.5 kDa, and under non-reducing conditions at 25 kDa.

Porcine TGF-beta 2 Protein

R&D Systems, Inc. a Bio-Techne Brand

Key Product Details

Complete Your Research

Product Specifications for Porcine TGF-beta 2 Protein

Formulation, Preparation and Storage

Carrier Free

102-B2

Carrier

102-B2/CF

Carrier Free

Reconstitution Calculator

Background: TGF-beta 2

Citations for Porcine TGF-beta 2 Protein (8)

FAQs for Porcine TGF-beta 2 Protein

Product Documents for Porcine TGF-beta 2 Protein

Product Datasheets

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