VN/Vitronectin (vitro-nectin: Latin for "glass" and "to bind to", respectively) is a 65-78 kDa circulating glycoprotein that was initially named for to its ability to 1) bind to glass beads, and 2) attach to cell membranes. Also known as somatomedin-B and Serum Spreading Factor, vitronectin is a matricellular protein that belongs to a group of RGD-type adhesive molecules. It is secreted by hepatocytes and circulates as a monomer/homodimer. Upon binding to ECM or PIA-1, it oligomerizes and becomes active. VN acts as a promoter of cell migration and ECM remodeling. It does so by binding to HSPG in the ECM which exposes binding sites for integrins and uPAR on cells. In this context, VN allows for the formation of a uPAR:soluble uPAR:uPA complex that results in the proteolysis of pericellular matrix and subsequent cell migration. Vitronectin also serves as a receptor for circulating PAI-1. When bound, VN forms oligomers that facilitate subsequent binding to vimentin, a cellular intermediate filament. The vimentin:VN:PAI-1 complex is active, and blocks the enzymatic degradation of vascular clots. Human secreted vitronectin is a 459 amino acid (aa) glycoprotein. It can exist as either a 77-78 kDa monomer, or an internal disulfide-linked 65 kDa:10 kDa heterodimer that arises from proteolytic cleavage between Ala398Thr399. VN has multiple domains, including a somatomedin B domain that binds uPAR and PAI-1 (aa 1-40), an RGD motif (aa 64-66) and a heparin-binding region (aa 340-380). VN is sulfated, N- and O-glycosylated, and phosphorylated on at least five Thr/Ser based sites. Over aa 20-29 (i.e.‑DQESCKGRCT), human and mouse VN are identical in their amino acid sequences.

Alternate Names

Complement S-protein, Serum Spreading Factor, Somatomedin B, VTN

Entrez Gene IDs

7448 (Human); 22370 (Mouse); 507525 (Bovine)

Gene Symbol

VTN

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This product is provided under an intellectual property license from Life Technologies Corporation. The transfer of this product is conditioned on the buyer using the purchased product solely in research conducted by the buyer, excluding contract research or any fee for service research, and the buyer must not (1) use this product or its components for (a) diagnostic, therapeutic or prophylactic purposes; (b) testing, analysis or screening services, or information in return for compensation on a per-test basis; or (c) manufacturing or quality assurance or quality control, and/or (2) sell or transfer this product or its components for resale, whether or not resold for use in research. For information on purchasing a license to this product for purposes other than as described above, contact Life Technologies Corporation, 5781 Van Allen Way, Carlsbad, CA 92008 USA or outlicensing@thermofisher.com.

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Human Vitronectin Alexa Fluor™ Plus 488-conjugated Antibody

R&D Systems, part of Bio-Techne | Catalog # AF2349AFP488

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Background: Vitronectin