Human Pleiotrophin/PTN Alexa Fluor™ Plus 405-conjugated Antibody

R&D Systems, part of Bio-Techne | Catalog # FAB252AFP405

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FAB252AFP405-100UG
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Key Product Details

Species Reactivity

Human

Applications

Immunocytochemistry

Label

Alexa Fluor Plus 405 (Excitation = 404 nm, Emission = 455 nm)

Antibody Source

Monoclonal Rat IgG2B Clone # 851406

View all Pleiotrophin/PTN Antibodies »

Product Specifications

Immunogen

S. frugiperda insect ovarian cell line Sf 21-derived recombinant human Pleiotrophin/PTN

Specificity

Detects human Pleiotrophin/PTN in ELISAs. In direct ELISAs, no cross-reactivity with recombinant mouse Pleiotrophin/PTN or recombinant human Midkine is observed.

Clonality

Monoclonal

Host

Rat

Isotype

IgG2B

Applications

Application
Recommended Usage

Immunocytochemistry

Optimal dilution of this antibody should be experimentally determined.

Formulation, Preparation, and Storage

Formulation

Supplied 0.2 mg/mL in a saline solution containing BSA and Sodium Azide.

Shipping

The product is shipped with polar packs. Upon receipt, store it immediately at the temperature recommended below.

Stability & Storage

Protect from light. Do not freeze. 12 months from date of receipt, 2 to 8 °C as supplied

Background: Pleiotrophin/PTN

Pleiotrophin (PTN), also called heparin-binding growth-associated molecule (HB-GAM), heparin-binding neurotrophic factor (HBNF), heparin-affinity regulatory peptide (HARP), or osteoblast-specific factor (OSF-1), is an 18 kDa secreted, strongly heparin-binding, developmentally regulated cytokine (1 ‑ 3). PTN and Midkine share 50% amino acid (aa) sequence identity, share some functions, and constitute a family (1 ‑ 3). The second of two TSP1 domains contains the highest affinity binding site for heparin (4, 5). A 15 kDa form which lacks the C-terminus is mitogenic for glioblastoma cells, while full-length PTN is not (6). PTN is a highly conserved protein; human, mouse, rat, canine, porcine, equine and bovine PTN share 98% aa sequence identity or greater. During development, PTN is involved in development of brain, bone, and organs undergoing branching morphogenesis (3). In the adult, it is induced by PDGF and upregulated in many cancers, hematopoietic stem cells and tissues undergoing remodeling (7 ‑ 10). Cell surface receptors for PTN include Syndecan-3 (which mediates neurite outgrowth) and the receptor tyrosine phosphatase PTPRB, also called RPTP beta/ zeta (3, 11 ‑ 13). Heparin binding is necessary for engaging these receptors (7, 8). PTN causes PTPRB dimerization and inactivates its phosphatase activity, which allows increased tyrosine phosphorylation of its substrates (12 ‑ 14). One such substrate is the WNT pathway molecule beta-catenin, allowing crosstalk of PTN with WNTs (12). PTN activation of the receptor ALK (anaplastic lymphoma kinase) is indirect through PTPRB, and mediates mitogenic, transforming and angiogenic activities of PTN (2, 5, 6, 13). Increased expression of PTN is correlated with neuronal development or stresses such as brain ischemia and Parkinson’s disease (2, 3, 7, 8). Both PTN and Midkine have demonstrated bactericidal activity, but only in the absence of heparin (15).

References

References
  1. Naito, A. et al. (1992) Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun. 183:701.
  2. Perez-Pinera, P. et al. (2008) Curr. Opin. Hematol. 15:210.
  3. Weng, T. and L. Liu (2010) Respir. Res. 11:80.
  4. Raulo, E. et al. (2005) J. Biol. Chem. 280:41576.
  5. Hamma-Kourbali, Y. et al. (2008) J. Cell. Physiol. 214:250.
  6. Lu, K.V. et al. (2005) J. Biol. Chem. 280:16953.
  7. Yeh, H-J. et al. (1998) J. Neurosci. 18:3699.
  8. Marchionini, D.M. et al. (2007) Brain Res. 1147:77.
  9. Chang, Y. et al. (2007) Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 104:10888.
  10. Himburg, H.A. et al. (2010) Nat. Med. 16:475.
  11. Kinnunen, T. et al. (1996) J. Biol. Chem. 271:2243.
  12. Meng, K. et al. (2000) Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 97:2603.
  13. Perez-Pinera, P. et al. (2007) J. Biol. Chem. 282:28683.
  14. Fukada, M. et al. (2006) FEBS Lett. 580:4051.
  15. Svensson, S.L. et al. (2010) J. Biol. Chem. 285:16105.

Alternate Names

HARP, HBNF, HNGF-8, OSF-1, PTN

Entrez Gene IDs

5764 (Human)

Gene Symbol

PTN

UniProt

P21246

Additional Pleiotrophin/PTN Products

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Product Datasheets

Certificate of Analysis

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Note: Certificate of Analysis not available for kit components.

Product Specific Notices


This product is provided under an intellectual property license from Life Technologies Corporation. The transfer of this product is conditioned on the buyer using the purchased product solely in research conducted by the buyer, excluding contract research or any fee for service research, and the buyer must not (1) use this product or its components for (a) diagnostic, therapeutic or prophylactic purposes; (b) testing, analysis or screening services, or information in return for compensation on a per-test basis; or (c) manufacturing or quality assurance or quality control, and/or (2) sell or transfer this product or its components for resale, whether or not resold for use in research. For information on purchasing a license to this product for purposes other than as described above, contact Life Technologies Corporation, 5781 Van Allen Way, Carlsbad, CA 92008 USA or outlicensing@thermofisher.com.

For research use only

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