CD45, previously called LCA (leukocyte common antigen), T200, or Ly5 in mice, is member C of the class 1 (receptor‑like) protein tyrosine phosphatase family (PTPRC) (1, 2). It is a variably glycosylated 180-220 kDa transmembrane protein that is abundantly expressed on all nucleated cells of hematopoietic origin (1-3). Multiple splicing isoforms of exon 4 (A), 5 (B), and 6 (C) are expressed according to cell type, developmental stage and antigenic exposure (1-5). The longest form, CD45RABC (called B220 in mouse) is expressed on B lymphocytes, The shortest form, CD45R0, lacking exons 4, 5 and 6 which encode aa 34‑194, is expressed on memory cells, while intermediate sizes are expressed on other T cells (3, 4, 6). Human CD45 has a 40% and 41% sequence identity with mouse and rat respectively. The CD45R0 cDNA encodes 1145 amino acids (aa), including a 25 aa signal sequence, a 391 aa extracellular domain, 21 aa transmembrane sequence, and a 708 aa cytoplasmic domain that contains two phosphatase domains, D1 and D2. Only D1 has phosphatase activity. CD45 has been best studied in T cells, where it determines T cell receptor signaling thresholds (3, 6‑8). CD45 is moved into or out of the immunological synapse (IS) membrane microdomain depending on the relative influence of interaction with the extracellular galectin lattice or the intracellular actin cytoskeleton (9, 10). Galectin interaction can be fine‑tuned by varying usage of the heavily O‑glycosylated spliced regions and sialylation of N‑linked carbohydrates (4, 9). Within the IS, CD45 dephosphorylates and negatively regulates the Src family kinase, Lck (8‑10). In other leukocytes, CD45 influences differentiation and links immunoreceptor signaling with cytokine secretion and cell survival, partially overlapping in function with DEP‑1/CD148 (11‑14). CD45 deletion causes in severe immunodeficiency, while point mutations may be associated with autoimmune disorders (6, 7).

References

Anderson, J.N. et al. (2004) FASEB J. 18:8.
Streuli, M. et al. (1987) J. Exp. Med. 166:1548.
Hermiston, M.L. et al. (2003) Annu. Rev. Immunol. 21:107.
Earl, L.A. and L.G. Baum (2008) Immunol. Cell Biol. 86:608.
Ralph, S.J. et al. (1987) EMBO J. 6:1251.
Falahti, R. and D. Leitenberg (2008) J. Immunol. 181:6082.
Tchilian, E.Z. and P.C.L. Beverley (2006) Trends Immunol. 27:146.
McNiell, L. et al. (2007) Immunity 27:425.
Chen, I-J. et al. (2007) J. Biol. Chem. 282:35361.
Freiberg, B.A. et al. (2002) Nat. Immunol. 3:911.
Zhu, J.W. et al. (2008) Immunity 28:183.
Huntington, N.D. et al. (2006) Nat. Immunol. 7:190.

Long Name

CD45R, O isoform

Alternate Names

B220, CD45 antigen, CD45R, EC 3.1.3.48, L-CA, LY5, protein tyrosine phosphatase, receptor type, C, receptor-type tyrosine-protein phosphatase C, T200 glycoprotein, T200 leukocyte common antigen, T200receptor type, c polypeptide

Entrez Gene IDs

5788 (Human); 19264 (Mouse)

Gene Symbol

PTPRC

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Product Specific Notices for Human CD45RO Alexa Fluor™ Plus 488-conjugated Antibody

This product is provided under an intellectual property license from Life Technologies Corporation. The transfer of this product is conditioned on the buyer using the purchased product solely in research conducted by the buyer, excluding contract research or any fee for service research, and the buyer must not (1) use this product or its components for (a) diagnostic, therapeutic or prophylactic purposes; (b) testing, analysis or screening services, or information in return for compensation on a per-test basis; or (c) manufacturing or quality assurance or quality control, and/or (2) sell or transfer this product or its components for resale, whether or not resold for use in research. For information on purchasing a license to this product for purposes other than as described above, contact Life Technologies Corporation, 5781 Van Allen Way, Carlsbad, CA 92008 USA or outlicensing@thermofisher.com.

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Human CD45RO Alexa Fluor™ Plus 488-conjugated Antibody

R&D Systems, part of Bio-Techne | Catalog # FAB10642AFP488

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Background: CD45RO