CD19, also known as B4, is a transmembrane glycoprotein of the immunoglobulin superfamily that plays a central role in B cell activation and humoral immune responses (1, 2). CD19 consists of an extracellular domain (ECD) with two C2-type Ig-like domains, a transmembrane segment, and a cytoplasmic domain with nine tyrosine residues, 3 of which are critical for function (1, 2). Within the mature ECD, human CD19 shares 57% amino acid sequence identity with mouse and rat CD19. CD19 is expressed throughout B cell development from pre‑B cells through mature B cells, and it is commonly used as a B cell lineage marker (1, 2). It is required for the responsiveness of mature B cell to antigen stimulation, germinal center development, and antibody affinity maturation (1, 2). CD19 associates with the B cell antigen receptor (BCR), CD81, CD38, CD21, CD22, and IFITM1/CD225/Leu-13 (1, 3). These associations enable CD19 to amplify B cell signaling and reduce the threshold for antigen stimulation through the BCR (1, 3). CD19 polymorphisms and up-regulation can lead to the development of autoimmunity by promoting autoantibody production (2). CD19 has emerged as promising therapeutic target for hematologic cancers and solid tumors, such as leukemias and lymphomas (4, 5). Immunotherapy using a chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) targeting CD19 has emerged as promising therapeutic target for hematologic cancers and solid tumors, such as leukemias and lymphomas (4, 5). The first CD19 CAR T cell therapies have been granted FDA approval for the treatment of B cell malignancies with several more in clinical trials (6).

References

Wang, K. et al. (2012) Exp. Hematol. Oncol. 1:36.
Del Nargo, C.J. et al. (2005) Immunol Res. 31:229.
Yu, F. et al. (2010) J Neurooncol. 103:187.
Kochenderfer, J. et al. (2015) J. Clin. Oncol. 33:540.
Lee, D. et al. (2015) Lancet. 385:517.
Ahmad, A. et al. (2020) Int. J. Mol. Sci. 21:3906.

Alternate Names

CD19, CVID3, Leu-12

Entrez Gene IDs

930 (Human); 12478 (Mouse); 365367 (Rat); 397669 (Porcine); 607898 (Canine); 102145514 (Cynomolgus Monkey); 100147468 (Equine)

Gene Symbol

CD19

UniProt

P15391 (Human)

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Product Specific Notices for Human CD19 Alexa Fluor™ Plus 488-conjugated Antibody

This product is provided under an intellectual property license from Life Technologies Corporation. The transfer of this product is conditioned on the buyer using the purchased product solely in research conducted by the buyer, excluding contract research or any fee for service research, and the buyer must not (1) use this product or its components for (a) diagnostic, therapeutic or prophylactic purposes; (b) testing, analysis or screening services, or information in return for compensation on a per-test basis; or (c) manufacturing or quality assurance or quality control, and/or (2) sell or transfer this product or its components for resale, whether or not resold for use in research. For information on purchasing a license to this product for purposes other than as described above, contact Life Technologies Corporation, 5781 Van Allen Way, Carlsbad, CA 92008 USA or outlicensing@thermofisher.com.

For research use only

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Human CD19 Alexa Fluor™ Plus 488-conjugated Antibody

R&D Systems, part of Bio-Techne | Catalog # FAB11516AFP488

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Background: CD19