Why is fumarate included in the formulation?

Name: (±)-Anatoxin A fumarate
Brand: Tocris Bioscience
SKU: 0789

Fumarate salt confers water solubility of the (±)-Anatoxin A.

(±)-Anatoxin A fumarate

Tocris Bioscience a Bio-Techne Brand

Catalog # 0789

Citations (1)

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Key Product Details

Description:	nAChR agonist
Chemical Name:	(±)-2-Acetyl-9-aza bicyclo[4.2.1]non-2-ene fumarate
Purity:	≥96% (HPLC)
Molecular Weight:	281.31

View Full Technical Details for (±)-Anatoxin A fumarate

Biological Activity for (±)-Anatoxin A fumarate

(±)-Anatoxin A fumarate is a potent nicotinic agonist (K_i values are 1.25 and 1840 nM for α4β2 and α7 nicotinic receptors respectively). (±)-Anatoxin A fumarate stimulates [³H]-dopamine release from rat striatal synaptosomes (EC₅₀ = 136 nM). (±)-Anatoxin A fumarate induces apoptosis in rat thymocytes and Vero cells by generation of reactive oxygen species and caspase activation.

Technical Data for (±)-Anatoxin A fumarate

M. Wt	281.31
Formula	C₁₀H₁₅NO.C₄H₄O₄
Storage	Store at +4°C
Purity	≥96% (HPLC)
CAS Number	1219922-30-1
PubChem ID	45073416
InChi Key	ZJSIFVODFDHYJU-WLHGVMLRSA-N
Smiles	O=C(C)C1=CCCC2CCC1N2.O=C(O)/C=C/C(O)=O

The technical data provided above is for guidance only. For batch specific data refer to the Certificate of Analysis.

Tocris products are intended for laboratory research use only, unless stated otherwise.

Solubility for (±)-Anatoxin A fumarate

	Solvent	Max Conc. mg/mL	Max Conc. mM
Solubility
Solubility	water	28.13	100

Preparing Stock Solutions for (±)-Anatoxin A fumarate

The following data is based on the product molecular weight 281.31.

Batch specific molecular weights may vary from batch to batch due to the degree of hydration, which will affect the solvent volumes required to prepare stock solutions.

Concentration / Solvent Volume / Mass	1 mg	5 mg	10 mg
1 mM	3.55 mL	17.77 mL	35.55 mL
5 mM	0.71 mL	3.55 mL	7.11 mL
10 mM	0.36 mL	1.78 mL	3.55 mL
50 mM	0.07 mL	0.36 mL	0.71 mL

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References for (±)-Anatoxin A fumarate

References are publications that support the biological activity of the product.

Campos In vivo neurochemical characterization of Anatoxin-a evoked dopamine release from striatum. J.Neural Transm. 2007 PMID: 16897603
Lakshmana Rao Involvement of caspase and reactive oxygen species in cyanobacterial toxin anatoxin-a-induced cytotoxicity and apoptosis in rat thymocytes and Vero cells. Arch.Toxicol. 2002 PMID: 12029386
Sharples UB-165 implicates α4β2 nAChR in striatal DA release. J.Neurosci. 2000 PMID: 10751429
Thomas (+)-Anatoxin is a potent agonist at neuronal nicotinic acetylcholine receptors. J.Neurochem. 1993 PMID: 8492133
Gordon Induced release of acetylcholine from guinea pig ileum longitudinal muscle myenteric plexus by anatoxin-A. J.Pharmacol.Exp.Ther. 1992 PMID: 1469655
Stolerman Behavioural effects of anatoxin, a potent nicotinic agonist in rats. Neuropharmacology 1992 PMID: 1630597

Citations for (±)-Anatoxin A fumarate (1)

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Citations are publications that use Bio-Techne products. Selected citations for (±)-Anatoxin A fumarate include:

Gagnon and Pick (2012) Effect of nitrogen on cellular production and release of the neurotoxin anatoxin-a in a nitrogen-fixing cyanobacterium. Front Microbiol. 3:211
PMID: 22701451

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