Recombinant Mouse GDF-15 (CHO-expressed) Protein, CF

Catalog # 10596-GD | R&D Systems, Inc. a Bio-Techne Brand
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Key Product Details

Accession #

Q9Z0J7.2

Source

CHO

Structure / Form

Disulfide-linked homodimer

Conjugate

Unconjugated

Applications

Bioactivity

Product Specifications

Source

Chinese Hamster Ovary cell line, CHO-derived mouse GDF-15 protein
Ser189-Ala303

Purity

>95%, by SDS-PAGE under reducing conditions and visualized by silver stain.

Endotoxin Level

<0.10 EU per 1 μg of the protein by the LAL method.

N-terminal Sequence Analysis

Ser189

Predicted Molecular Mass

13 kDa

SDS-PAGE

11-13 kDa, under reducing conditions,

Activity

Measured by its ability to activate SRE-SEAP reporter in HEK293 human embryonic kidney cells transfected with human c-Ret and human GFRAL.
The ED50 for this effect is 0.4-4 ng/mL.

Scientific Data Images for Recombinant Mouse GDF-15 (CHO-expressed) Protein, CF

Recombinant Mouse GDF-15 (CHO-expressed) Protein Bioactivity.

Recombinant Mouse GDF-15 (Catalog # 10596-GD) activates SRE-SEAP reporter in HEK293 human embryonic kidney cells transfected with human c-Ret and human GFRAL. The ED50 for this effect is 0.4-4 ng/mL.

Recombinant Mouse GDF-15 (CHO-expressed) Protein SDS-PAGE.

1 μg/lane of Recombinant Mouse GDF-15 (CHO-expressed) Protein (Catalog # 10596-GD) was resolved with SDS-PAGE under reducing (R) and non-reducing (NR) conditions and visualized by silver staining, showing bands at 11-13 kDa and 22-26 kDa, respectively.

Formulation, Preparation and Storage

10596-GD
Formulation Lyophilized from a 0.2 μm filtered solution in HCl.
Reconstitution Reconstitute at 500 μg/mL in 4 mM HCl.
Shipping The product is shipped with polar packs. Upon receipt, store it immediately at the temperature recommended below.
Stability & Storage Use a manual defrost freezer and avoid repeated freeze-thaw cycles.
  • 12 months from date of receipt, -20 to -70 °C as supplied.
  • 1 month, 2 to 8 °C under sterile conditions after reconstitution.
  • 3 months, -20 to -70 °C under sterile conditions after reconstitution.

Background: GDF-15

Growth Differentiation Factor 15 (GDF-15), also called Macrophage inhibitory cytokine-1 (MIC-1), placental transforming growth factor-beta, prostate-derived factor, and placental bone morphogenetic protein, is a divergent member of the transforming growth factor beta (TGF-beta ) superfamily. GDF-15 is highly expressed in placenta and is expressed at lower levels in kidney, pancreas, prostate and colon. It is also widely expressed in brain. Similarly to other TGF-beta family proteins, GDF-15 is synthesized as a large precursor protein that is cleaved at the dibasic cleavage site (RXXR) to release the carboxy-terminal domain. The carboxy-terminal domain of GDF-15 contains the characteristic seven conserved cysteine residues necessary for the formation of the cysteine knot and the single interchain disulfide bond. Furthermore, the carboxy-terminal domain contains two additional cysteine residues that form a fourth intrachain disulfide bond. Biologically active GDF-15 is a disulfide-linked homodimer of the carboxy-terminal 112 amino acid residues. Mature mouse GDF-15 shares 59.6% and 91.9% amino acid sequence similarity with human and rat GDF-15, respectively. GDF-15 has been shown to have various functions, including inhibition of production of tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-alpha) from lipopolysaccharide-stimulated macrophages, induction of cartilage formation, early‑stage endochonadal bone formation, and promotion of neuronal survival. GDF-15 is the functional ligand for the receptor GFRAL, facilitating weight-loss functions of the protein through c-Ret downstream signaling. GFRAL and GDF-15 signaling is implicated in diet-based obesity and insulin resistance (8-10).

References

  1. Bootcov, M.R. et al. (1997) Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 94:11514.
  2. Böttner, M. et al. (1999) Gene 237:105.
  3. Fairlie, W.D. et al. (1998) J. Leukoc. Biol 65:2.
  4. Fairlie, W.D. et al. (2001) J B.C 20:16911.
  5. Bauskin, A.R. et al. (2000) EMBO J. 19:2212.
  6. Strelau, J. et al. (2000) J. Neurosci. 20:8597.
  7. Schober, A. et al. (2001) J. Comp. Neurol. 439:32.
  8. Mullican, S. et al. (2017) Nat. Med 23:1150.
  9. Yang, L. et al. (2017) Nat. Med 23:1158.
  10. Emmerson, P. et al. (2017) Nat. Med 23:1215.

Long Name

Growth Differentiation Factor 15

Alternate Names

GDF15, MIC-1, NAG-1, PDF, PLAB, PTGF-beta

Entrez Gene IDs

9518 (Human); 23886 (Mouse); 29455 (Rat)

Gene Symbol

GDF15

UniProt

Q9Z0J7.2

Product Documents for Recombinant Mouse GDF-15 (CHO-expressed) Protein, CF

Certificate of Analysis

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Product Specific Notices for Recombinant Mouse GDF-15 (CHO-expressed) Protein, CF

For research use only

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