Recombinant Human IL-18/IL-1F4 Protein, Animal-Free

R&D Systems, part of Bio-Techne | Catalog # BT-018-AFL

R&D Systems, part of Bio-Techne
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Key Product Details

Source

E. coli

Accession #

Q14116.1

Conjugate

Unconjugated

Applications

Bioactivity

View all IL-18/IL-1F4 Proteins and Enzymes »

Product Specifications

Source

E. coli-derived human IL-18/IL-1F4 protein
Tyr37-Asp193
Produced using non-animal reagents in an animal-free laboratory.

Purity

>97%, by SDS-PAGE with quantitative densitometry by Coomassie® Blue Staining.

Endotoxin Level

<0.10 EU per 1 μg of the protein by the LAL method.

N-terminal Sequence Analysis

Tyr37

Predicted Molecular Mass

18 kDa

SDS-PAGE

18 kDa, under reducing conditions.

Activity

Measured by its ability to induce IFN-gamma secretion by KG-1 human acute myelogenous leukemia cells in the presence of TNF-alpha.
The ED50 for this effect is 1.25-15.0 ng/mL.
The specific activity of GMP Recombinant Human IL-18/IL-1F4 is >5.00 x 106 units/mg, which is calibrated against the human IL-18 WHO Standard (NIBSC code: 03/200).

Scientific Data Images for Recombinant Human IL-18/IL-1F4 Protein, Animal-Free

Equivalent Bioactivity of GMP, Animal-Free, and RUO grades of Recombinant Human IL-18/IL-1F4 Protein.

Equivalent bioactivity of GMP (BT-018-GMP) Animal-Free (Catalog # BT-018-AFL) and RUO (BT-018) grades of Recombinant Human IL‑18/IL‑1F4 as measured in a IFN-gamma secretion assay using KG‑1 human acute myelogenous leukemia cells (orange, green, red, respectively).

Animal-Free™ Recombinant Human IL‑18/IL‑1F4 Protein Bioactivity.

Animal-FreeTM Recombinant Human IL‑18/IL‑1F (Catalog # BT-018-AFL) as measured in a IFN-gamma secretion assay using KG‑1 human acute myelogenous leukemia cells. The ED50 for this effect is 1.25-15.0 ng/mL.

Animal-Free™ Recombinant Human IL‑18/IL‑1F4 Protein SDS-PAGE.

2 μg/lane of Animal-Free™ Recombinant Human IL‑18/IL‑1F4 Protein (Catalog # BT-018-AFL) was resolved with SDS-PAGE under reducing (R) and non-reducing (NR) conditions and visualized by Coomassie® Blue staining, showing a band at 18kDa under reducing conditions.

Formulation, Preparation and Storage

BT-018-AFL
Formulation Lyophilized from a 0.2 μm filtered solution in PBS and TCEP with Trehalose.
Reconstitution Reconstitute at 500 μg/mL in water.
Shipping The product is shipped at ambient temperature. Upon receipt, store it immediately at the temperature recommended below.
Stability & Storage Use a manual defrost freezer and avoid repeated freeze-thaw cycles.
  • 12 months from date of receipt, -20 to -70 °C as supplied.
  • 1 month, 2 to 8 °C under sterile conditions after reconstitution.
  • 3 months, -20 to -70 °C under sterile conditions after reconstitution.

Background: IL-18/IL-1F4

Interleukin-18 (IL-18) is a proinflammatory cytokine in the IL-1 family that exerts distinct immune effects depending on the local cytokine environment. It is expressed as a 24 kDa precursor by endothelial and epithelial cells, keratinocytes, gamma delta T cells, and phagocytes. The precursor is activated intracellularly by Caspase-1 mediated proteolysis to release the 17 kDa mature cytokine. The precursor can also be released by necrotic cells for extracellular cleavage by multiple proteases. IL-18 activation is induced by infection or tissue damage and contributes to disease pathology in chronic inflammation (1-3). IL-18 binds to the widely expressed IL-18 R alpha which recruits IL-18 R beta to form the signaling receptor complex (4, 5). Its bioactivity is negatively regulated by interactions with IL-18 binding proteins and virally encoded IL-18BP homologs (6). In the presence of IL-12 or IL-15, IL-18 enhances anti-viral Th1 immune responses by inducing IFN-gamma production and the cytolytic activity of CD8+ T cells and NK cells (7, 8). In the absence of IL-12 or IL-15, however, IL-18 promotes production of the Th2 cytokines IL-4 and IL-13 by CD4+ T cells and basophils (9, 10). In the presence of IL-1 beta or IL-23, IL-18 induces the antigen-independent production of IL-17 by gamma delta T cells and CD4+ T cells (11). IL-18 also promotes myeloid dendritic cell maturation and triggers neutrophil respiratory burst (12, 13). In cancer, IL-18 exhibits diverse activities including enhancing anti-tumor immunity, inhibiting or promoting angiogenesis, and promoting tumor cell metastasis (14). Mature human IL-18 shares approximately 63% amino acid sequence identity with mouse and rat IL-18 (15). Alternative splicing in human ovarian cancer generates an isoform that is resistant to Caspase-1 activation (16). A cell surface form can be expressed on M-CSF induced macrophages and released in response to bacterial endotoxin (17).

References

  1. Dinarello, C.A. et al. (2013) Front. Immunol. 4:289.
  2. Smith, D.E. (2011) J. Leukoc. Biol. 89:383.
  3. Gu, Y. et al. (1997) Science 275:206.
  4. Torigoe, K. et al. (1997) J. Biol. Chem. 272:25737.
  5. Cheung, H. et al. (2005) J. Immunol. 174:5351.
  6. Novick, D. et al. (1999) Immunity 10:127.
  7. Fehniger, T.A. et al. (1999) J. Immunol. 162:4511.
  8. Yoshimoto, T. et al. (1998) J. Immunol. 161:3400.
  9. Yoshimoto, T. et al. (2000) Nat. Immunol. 1:132.
  10. Kroeger, K.M. et al. (2009) J. Leukoc. Biol. 86:769.
  11. Lalor, S.J. et al. (2011) J. Immunol. 186:5738.
  12. Li, J. et al. (2004) Cell. Immunol. 227:103.
  13. Elbim, C. et al. (2005) Clin. Diagn. Lab. Immunol. 12:436.
  14. Fabbi, M. et al. (2015) J. Leukoc. Biol. 97:665.
  15. Ushio, S. et al. (1996) J. Immunol. 156:4274.
  16. Gaggero, A. et al. (2004) Oncogene 23:7552.
  17. Bellora, F. et al. (2012) Eur. J. Immunol. 42:1618.

Long Name

Interleukin 18

Alternate Names

IGIF, IL-1F4, IL-1g, IL18

Entrez Gene IDs

3606 (Human); 16173 (Mouse); 29197 (Rat); 397057 (Porcine); 574151 (Primate)

Gene Symbol

IL18

UniProt

Q14116.1

Additional IL-18/IL-1F4 Products

Product Documents for Recombinant Human IL-18/IL-1F4 Protein, Animal-Free

Product Datasheets

Certificate of Analysis

To download a Certificate of Analysis, please enter a lot number in the search box below.

Note: Certificate of Analysis not available for kit components.

Manufacturing Specifications

Animal-Free Manufacturing Conditions
Our dedicated controlled-access animal-free laboratories ensure that at no point in production are the products exposed to potential contamination by animal components or byproducts. Every stage of manufacturing is conducted in compliance with R&D Systems' stringent Standard Operating Procedures (SOPs). Production and purification procedures use equipment and media that are confirmed animal-free.  

 Production

  • All molecular biology procedures use animal-free media and dedicated labware.
  • Dedicated fermentors are utilized in committed animal-free areas.

Purification

  • Protein purification columns are animal-free.
  • Bulk proteins are filtered using animal-free filters.
  • Purified proteins are stored in animal-free containers in a dedicated cold storage room.

Quality Assurance

  • Low Endotoxin Level.
  • No impairment of biological activity.
  • High quality product obtained under stringent conditions.
  • For ex vivo research or bioproduction, additional documentation can be provided.

Please read our complete Animal-Free Statement

Product Specific Notices for Recombinant Human IL-18/IL-1F4 Protein, Animal-Free

For research use or further manufacturing only

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