Panobinostat is a potent pan-histone deacetylase (HDAC) inhibitor (IC50 values = 2.1 - 531 nM). Panobinostat induces histone H3 and H4 acetylation and potently inhibits cell proliferation and cell viability in HH, BT474 and HCT116 cells (IC50 are 1.8, 2.6 and 7.1 nM, respectively) in vitro. It leads to significant tumor regression of up to 94% in an HH CTCL mouse xenograft model. Panobinostat inhibits the DNA binding activity of STAT5 in leukemia cell lines and acts synergistically with 17-AAG (Cat. No. 1515) to induce apoptosis. The compound shows potent antimyeloma activity, including in drug-resistant cell lines. Panobinostat also induces a significant increase in cell-associated unspliced (CA-US) HIV-1 RNA from CD4+ T cells and leads to activation of transcription of proviruses. Panobinostat simultaneously suppresses the expression of angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2) and ABO in epithelial cell lines. Antimalarial and orally bioavailable.
