What is the difference between Recombinant Human IL-12 Protein (Catalog # 219-IL) and Recombinant Human Il-12 (linked heterodimer) Protein (Catalog # 10018-IL?

The Recombinant Human IL-12 Protein (Catalog # 219-IL), expressed in Sf 21 cells, is a disulfide-linked homodimer consisting of the p35 and p40 subunits. The subunits can be separated under reducing conditions. The Recombinant Human IL-12 (linked heterodimer) Protein (Catalog # 10018-IL), expressed in HEK293 cells, is a chimeric protein consisting of the p35 and p40 subunits connected by a linker. These two subunits cannot be separated.

Human IL-23 and Human IL-12 share a p40 subunit. Why is the predicted molecular weight for the p40 subunit 36.5 kDa in the Recombinant Human IL-23 Protein (Catalog # 1290-IL), while the predicted molecular weight for the p40 subunit is 34.7 kDa for the Recombinant Human IL-12 Protein (Catalog # 219-IL)?

The Recombinant Human IL-23 Protein (Catalog # 1290-IL) and Recombinant Human IL-12 Protein (Catalog # 219-IL) p40 subunits share the same p40 sequence, Ile23-Ser328 (Accession # P29460). However, the p40 subunit for Recombinant Human IL-23 (Catalog # 1290-IL) also contains a portion of the GS linker that remains after cleaving p40 subunit from the p19 subunit, so its predicted molecular is slightly larger (36.5 kDa) compared to that of the Recombinant Human IL-12 Protein (Catalog # 219-IL; 34.7 kDa). Please see the product-specific page for detailed sequence information.

Recombinant Human IL-12 Protein

Name: Recombinant Human IL-12 Protein
Brand: R&D Systems
SKU: 219-IL
Rating: 5 (1 reviews)

Catalog # 219-IL | R&D Systems, Inc. a Bio-Techne Brand

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Citations (129)

Product Datasheet / COA / SDS

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Bigger Scale, More Savings. Try our NEW version of Human Recombinant IL-12 (10018-IL). Combining R&D Systems quality with scalability that allows for lower price points and a solid supply chain.

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Key Product Details

Source:	Sf 21 (baculovirus)
Accession #:	P29460 (p40) & P29459 (p35)
Structure / Form:	Disulfide-linked heterodimer
Applications:	Bioactivity

View Full Technical Details for Recombinant Human IL-12 Protein

Technical Data
Citations (129) / Reviews (1) / FAQs

Product Specifications for Recombinant Human IL-12 Protein

Source

Spodoptera frugiperda, Sf 21 (baculovirus)-derived human IL-12 protein

Human IL-12 p40
(Ile23-Ser328)
Accession # P29460

Human IL-12 p35 (Arg23-Ser219) Accession # P29459
N-terminus	C-terminus

Purity

>97%, by SDS-PAGE under reducing conditions and visualized by silver stain.

Endotoxin level

<1.0 EU per 1 μg of the protein by the LAL method.

N-terminal sequence Analysis

Ile23 (p40) & Arg23 (p35)

Predicted Molecular Mass

34.7 kDa (p40) & 22.5 kDa (p35)

SDS-PAGE

34.7 kDa (p40) & 22.5 kDa (p35)

Activity

Measured in a cell proliferation assay using PHA-stimulated human T lymphoblasts. Symons, J.A. et al. (1987) in Lymphokines and Interferons, a Practical Approach. Clemens, M.J. et al. (eds): IRL Press. 272. The ED₅₀ for this effect is 0.01-0.05 ng/mL.

Formulation, Preparation and Storage

Carrier Free

What does CF mean?

CF stands for Carrier Free (CF). We typically add Bovine Serum Albumin (BSA) as a carrier protein to our recombinant proteins. Adding a carrier protein enhances protein stability, increases shelf-life, and allows the recombinant protein to be stored at a more dilute concentration. The carrier free version does not contain BSA.

219-IL

Carrier

Formulation	Lyophilized from a 0.2 μm filtered solution in PBS with BSA as a carrier protein.
Reconstitution	Reconstitute at 50 μg/mL in sterile PBS containing at least 0.1% human or bovine serum albumin.
Shipping	The product is shipped at ambient temperature. Upon receipt, store it immediately at the temperature recommended below.
Stability & Storage:	Use a manual defrost freezer and avoid repeated freeze-thaw cycles. 12 months from date of receipt, -20 to -70 °C as supplied. 1 month, 2 to 8 °C under sterile conditions after reconstitution. 3 months, -20 to -70 °C under sterile conditions after reconstitution.

219-IL/CF

Carrier Free

Formulation	Lyophilized from a 0.2 μm filtered solution in PBS.
Reconstitution	Reconstitute 5 µg vials at 50 µg/mL in sterile PBS. Reconstitute 25 µg or larger vials at 100 µg/mL in sterile PBS.
Shipping	The product is shipped at ambient temperature. Upon receipt, store it immediately at the temperature recommended below.
Stability & Storage:	Use a manual defrost freezer and avoid repeated freeze-thaw cycles. 12 months from date of receipt, -20 to -70 °C as supplied. 1 month, 2 to 8 °C under sterile conditions after reconstitution. 3 months, -20 to -70 °C under sterile conditions after reconstitution.

Reconstitution Calculator

The reconstitution calculator allows you to quickly calculate the volume of a reagent to reconstitute your vial. Simply enter the mass of reagent and the target concentration and the calculator will determine the rest.

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Background: IL-12

Interleukin 12, also known as natural killer cell stimulatory factor (NKSF) or cytotoxic lymphocyte maturation factor (CLMF), is a pleiotropic cytokine originally identified in the medium of activated human B lymphoblastoid cell lines. The p40 subunit of IL-12 has been shown to have extensive amino acid sequence homology to the extracellular domain of the human IL-6 receptor while the p35 subunit shows distant but significant sequence similarity to IL-6, G-CSF, and chicken MGF. These observations have led to the suggestion that IL-12 might have evolved from a cytokine/soluble receptor complex. Human and murine IL-12 share 70% and 60% amino acid sequence homology in their p40 and p35 subunits, respectively. IL-12 apparently shows species specificity with human IL-12 reportedly showing minimal activity in the murine system.

IL-12 is produced by macrophages and B lymphocytes and has been shown to have multiple effects on T cells and natural killer (NK) cells. These effects include inducing production of IFN-gamma and TNF by resting and activated T and NK cells, synergizing with other IFN-gamma inducers at both the transcriptional and post-transcriptional levels. This interaction induces IFN-gamma gene expression, enhancing the cytotoxic activity of resting NK and T cells, inducing and synergizing with IL-2 in the generation of lymphokine-activated killer (LAK) cells, acting as a co-mitogen to stimulate proliferation of resting T cells, and inducing proliferation of activated T and NK cells. Current evidence indicates that IL‑12, produced by macrophages in response to infectious agents, is a central mediator of the cell‑mediated immune response by its actions on the development, proliferation, and activities of TH1 cells. In its role as the initiator of cell-mediated immunity, it has been suggested that IL-12 has therapeutic potential as a stimulator of cell-mediated immune responses to microbial pathogens, metastatic cancers, and viral infections such as AIDS.

Item	Value
Long Name	Interleukin 12
Entrez Gene IDs	3592 (Human); 16159 (Mouse); 84405 (Rat); 397053 (Porcine); 403977 (Canine); 102115316 (Cynomolgus Monkey); 493741 (Feline); 703205 (Rhesus Macaque)
Alternate Names	CLMF p35, CLMF1, Cytotoxic lymphocyte maturation factor 35 kDa subunit, IL-12, IL-12 subunit p35, IL-12, subunit p35, IL12, IL12A, NF cell stimulatory factor chain 1, NK cell stimulatory factor chain 1, NKSF1, interleukin 12, p35, interleukin 12A (natural killer cell stimulatory factor 1, cytotoxic lymphocytematuration factor 1, p35), interleukin-12 alpha chain, interleukin-12 subunit alpha, natural killer cell stimulatory factor 1, 35 kD subunit, p35

Citations for Recombinant Human IL-12 Protein (129)

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Citations are publications that use Bio-Techne products. Selected citations for Recombinant Human IL-12 Protein include:

Species: Human
Sample Types: Whole Cells
Applications: Bioassay

ACH Szeto et al. (2022-12-22), An alphavbeta3 integrin checkpoint is critical for efficient TH2 cell cytokine polarization and potentiation of antigen-specific immunity Nature Immunology, 2022-124(1):123-135.
PMID: 36550322
Species: Human
Sample Types: Whole Cells
Applications: Bioassay

E Cruz-Loren et al. (2022-10-18), Host Cell Redox Alterations Promote Latent HIV-1 Reactivation through Atypical Transcription Factor Cooperativity Viruses, 2022-114(10).
PMID: 36298843
Species: Human
Sample Types: Whole Cells
Applications: Bioassay

YS Michaels et al. (2022-08-24), DLL4 and VCAM1 enhance the emergence of T cell-competent hematopoietic progenitors from human pluripotent stem cells Science Advances, 2022-08(34):eabn5522.
PMID: 36001668
Species: Human
Sample Types: Whole Cells
Applications: Stimulation

AKO Rode et al. (2022-08-19), Induced Human Regulatory T Cells Express the Glucagon-like Peptide-1 Receptor Cells, 2022-011(16).
PMID: 36010663
Species: Human
Sample Types: Whole Cells
Applications: Cell Culture

P Sekhri et al. (2022-03-11), The Thermal Dose of Photothermal Therapy Generates Differential Immunogenicity in Human Neuroblastoma Cells Cancers, 2022-014(6).
PMID: 35326601
Species: Human
Sample Types: Whole Cells
Applications: Bioassay

G Carbotti et al. (2021-08-09), IL-27 Mediates PD-L1 Expression and Release by Human Mesothelioma Cells Cancers, 2021-013(16).
PMID: 34439164
Species: Human
Sample Types: Whole Cells
Applications: Bioassay

K Jamal Jame et al. (2021-07-02), Biomarkers for Comorbidities Modulate the Activity of T-Cells in COPD International Journal of Molecular Sciences, 2021-022(13).
PMID: 34281240
Species: Human
Sample Types: Whole Cells
Applications: Bioassay

M Ogishi et al. (2021-06-28), Inherited PD-1 deficiency underlies tuberculosis and autoimmunity in a child Nature Medicine, 2021-00(0).
PMID: 34183838
Species: Mouse
Sample Types: Whole Cells
Applications: Bioassay

ML Chen et al. (2021-04-07), CAR directs T cell adaptation to bile acids in the small intestine Nature, 2021-00(0).
PMID: 33828301
Species: Human
Sample Types: Whole Cells
Applications: Bioassay

E Kidzeru et al. (2021-01-21), Myeloid-derived suppressor cells and their association with vaccine immunogenicity in South African infants Journal of leukocyte biology, 2021-00(0).
PMID: 33477200
Species: Rhesus Macaque
Sample Types: Whole Cells
Applications: Bioassay

S Watanabe et al. (2020-08-03), Protective Immune Responses Elicited by Deglycosylated Live-Attenuated Simian Immunodeficiency Virus Vaccine Are Associated with IL-15 Effector Functions J. Immunol., 2020-00(0).
PMID: 32747501
Species: Human
Sample Types: Whole Cells
Applications: Bioassay

J Yan et al. (2020-06-30), T Cell-Intrinsic IRF5 Regulates T Cell Signaling, Migration, and Differentiation and Promotes Intestinal Inflammation Cell Rep, 2020-031(13):107820.
PMID: 32610123
Species: Human
Sample Types: Whole Cells
Applications: Bioassay

H Zhu et al. (2020-06-11), Metabolic Reprograming via Deletion of CISH in Human iPSC-Derived NK Cells Promotes Inï¿½Vivo Persistence and Enhances Anti-tumor Activity Cell Stem Cell, 2020-00(0).
PMID: 32531207
Species: Human
Sample Types: Whole Cells
Applications: Bioassay

MY Hsieh et al. (2020-05-29), Diminished toll-like receptor response in febrile infection-related epilepsy syndrome (FIRES) Biomed J, 2020-00(0).
PMID: 32651134
Species: Human
Sample Types: Whole Cells
Applications: Cell Culture

Y Hu et al. (2020-03-19), Targeting of CD38 by the tumor suppressor miR-26a serves as a novel potential therapeutic agent in multiple myeloma Cancer Res., 2020-00(0).
PMID: 32193289
Species: Human
Sample Types: Whole Cells
Applications: Cell Culture

JU Shin et al. (2020-03-05), Recapitulating T cell infiltration in 3D psoriatic skin models for patient-specific drug testing Sci Rep, 2020-010(1):4123.
PMID: 32139717
Species: Human
Sample Types: Whole Cells
Applications: Bioassay

UI Wu et al. (2019-11-28), Patients with Idiopathic Pulmonary Nontuberculous Mycobacterial Disease Have Normal Th1/Th2 Cytokine Responses but Diminished Th17 Cytokine and Enhanced Granulocyte-Macrophage Colony-Stimulating Factor Production Open Forum Infect Dis, 2019-16(12):ofz484.
PMID: 31807607
Species: Human
Sample Types: Whole Cells
Applications: Bioassay

AC Pecher et al. (2019-10-15), Invariant natural killer T cells are functionally impaired in patients with systemic sclerosis Arthritis Res. Ther., 2019-121(1):212.
PMID: 31615552
Species: Human
Sample Types: Whole Blood
Applications: Bioassay

R Khoshnevis et al. (2019-09-20), IL-12Rbeta1 deficiency corresponding to concurrency of two diseases, mendelian susceptibility to mycobacterial disease and Crohn's disease J Clin Tuberc Other Mycobact Dis, 2019-017(0):100123.
PMID: 31788565
Species: Human
Sample Types: Whole Cells
Applications: Bioassay

T Hofland et al. (2019-09-11), Dissection of the Effects of JAK and BTK Inhibitors on the Functionality of Healthy and Malignant Lymphocytes J. Immunol., 2019-00(0).
PMID: 31511358
Species: Human
Sample Types: Whole Cells
Applications: Cell Culture

H Wang et al. (2019-07-22), Adipose group 1 innate lymphoid cells promote adipose tissue fibrosis and diabetes in obesity Nat Commun, 2019-010(1):3254.
PMID: 31332184
Species: Human
Sample Types: Whole Cells
Applications: Cell Culture

JH Bernink et al. (2019-07-01), c-Kit-positive ILC2s exhibit an ILC3-like signature that may contribute to IL-17-mediated pathologies Nat. Immunol., 2019-00(0).
PMID: 31263279
Species: Human
Sample Types: Whole Cells
Applications: Bioassay

J Kristoff et al. (2019-04-02), Type 1-programmed dendritic cells drive antigen-specific latency reversal and immune elimination of persistent HIV-1 EBioMedicine, 2019-00(0).
PMID: 30952614
Species: Human
Sample Types: Whole Cells
Applications: Bioassay

T Hochdörfer et al. (2019-03-28), Expression of c-Kit discriminates between two functionally distinct subsets of human type 2 innate lymphoid cells Eur. J. Immunol., 2019-00(0).
PMID: 30892687
Species: Human
Sample Types: Whole Cells
Applications: Bioassay

LD Uppendahl et al. (2019-01-15), Cytokine-induced memory-like natural killer cells have enhanced function, proliferation, and in vivo expansion against ovarian cancer cells Gynecol. Oncol., 2019-00(0).
PMID: 30658847
Species: Human
Sample Types: Whole Cells
Applications: Bioassay

P Gruarin et al. (2018-11-29), Eomesodermin controls a unique differentiation program in human IL-10 and IFN-? co-producing regulatory T-cells Eur. J. Immunol., 2018-10(0).
PMID: 30431161
Species: Human
Sample Types: Whole Cells
Applications: Bioassay

AA Throm et al. (2018-11-15), Dysregulated NK cell PLC?2 signaling and activity in juvenile dermatomyositis JCI Insight, 2018-13(22).
PMID: 30429375
Species: Human
Sample Types: Whole Cells
Applications: Bioassay

V Lagou et al. (2018-10-16), Genetic Architecture of Adaptive Immune System Identifies Key Immune Regulators Cell Rep, 2018-125(3):798-810.e6.
PMID: 30332657
Species: Human
Sample Types: Whole Cells
Applications: Bioassay

JC Yu et al. (2018-09-06), Induction of antiinflammatory purinergic signaling in activated human iNKT cells JCI Insight, 2018-03(17).
PMID: 30185656
Species: Human
Sample Types: Complex Sample Type
Applications: Bioassay

P Garnier et al. (2018-05-10), The localisation of the heparin binding sites of human and murine interleukin-12 within the carboxyterminal domain of the P40 subunit Cytokine, 2018-0110(0):159-168.
PMID: 29753267
Species: Human
Sample Types: Whole Cells
Applications: Bioassay

C Enerbäck et al. (2018-05-04), The psoriasis-protective TYK2 I684S variant impairs IL-12 stimulated pSTAT4 response in skin-homing CD4+ and CD8+ memory T-cells Sci Rep, 2018-08(1):7043.
PMID: 29728633
Species: Human
Sample Types: Whole Cells
Applications: Bioassay

Q Huang et al. (2018-04-08), Activated pancreatic stellate cells inhibit NK cell function in the human pancreatic cancer microenvironment Cell. Mol. Immunol., 2018-00(0).
PMID: 29628497
Species: Human
Sample Types: Whole Cells
Applications: Cell Culture

KS Burrack et al. (2018-04-03), Interleukin-15 Complex Treatment Protects Mice from Cerebral Malaria by Inducing Interleukin-10-Producing Natural Killer Cells Immunity, 2018-00(0).
PMID: 29625893
Species: Human
Sample Types: Whole Cells
Applications: Bioassay

S Sugita et al. (2018-04-01), Natural Killer Cell Inhibition by HLA-E Molecules on Induced Pluripotent Stem Cell-Derived Retinal Pigment Epithelial Cells Invest. Ophthalmol. Vis. Sci., 2018-059(5):1719-1731.
PMID: 29610856
Species: Human
Sample Types: Whole Cells
Applications: Bioassay

MC Neidert et al. (2018-03-20), The natural HLA ligandome of glioblastoma stem-like cells: antigen discovery for T cell-based immunotherapy Acta Neuropathol., 2018-00(0).
PMID: 29557506
Species: Human
Sample Types: Whole Blood
Applications: Bioassay

JJ Gilchrist et al. (2018-03-09), Risk of nontyphoidal Salmonella bacteraemia in African children is modified by STAT4 Nat Commun, 2018-09(1):1014.
PMID: 29523850
Species: Human
Sample Types: Whole Blood
Applications: Bioassay

AW Clarke et al. (2018-03-05), An anti-TL1A antibody for the treatment of asthma and inflammatory bowel disease MAbs, 2018-00(0):1-43.
PMID: 29436901
Species: Human
Sample Types: Whole Cells
Applications: Bioassay

JG Chen et al. (2018-03-01), BTKCys481Serdrives ibrutinib resistance via ERK1/2, and protects BTKWild-TypeMYD88 mutated cells by a paracrine mechanism Blood, 2018-00(0).
PMID: 29496671
Species: Human
Sample Types: Whole Cells
Applications: Bioassay

L Golden-Mas et al. (2018-03-01), Early and late changes in natural killer cells in response to ledipasvir/sofosbuvir treatment Hepatol Commun, 2018-02(4):364-375.
PMID: 29619416
Species: Human
Sample Types: Whole Cells
Applications: Bioassay

T Oth et al. (2018-02-13), Pathogen recognition by NK cells amplifies the pro-inflammatory cytokine production of monocyte-derived DC via IFN-? BMC Immunol., 2018-019(1):8.
PMID: 29433450
Species: Human
Sample Types: Whole Cells
Applications: Bioassay

M Felices et al. (2018-02-08), Continuous treatment with IL-15 exhausts human NK cells via a metabolic defect JCI Insight, 2018-03(3).
PMID: 29415897
Species: Human
Sample Types: Whole Cells
Applications: Bioassay

M Najar et al. (2018-01-19), Mesenchymal stromal cells of the bone marrow and natural killer cells: cell interactions and cross modulation J Cell Commun Signal, 2018-00(0).
PMID: 29350342
Species: Human
Sample Types: Whole Cells
Applications: Bioassay

Y Hijikata et al. (2018-01-02), A phase I clinical trial of RNF43 peptide-related immune cell therapy combined with low-dose cyclophosphamide in patients with advanced solid tumors PLoS ONE, 2018-013(1):e0187878.
PMID: 29293510
Species: Human
Sample Types: Whole Cells
Applications: Bioassay

L Miao et al. (2017-11-21), Interleukin-12-mediated expression of matrix metalloproteinases in human periodontal ligament fibroblasts involves in NF-kappaB activation Biosci. Rep., 2017-10(0).
PMID: 29054963
Species: Human
Sample Types: Whole Cells
Applications: Bioassay

E Briend et al. (2017-08-22), IL-18 associated with lung lymphoid aggregates drives IFN? production in severe COPD Respir. Res., 2017-018(1):159.
PMID: 28830544
Species: Human
Sample Types: Whole Cells
Applications: Bioassay

MS Longhi et al. (2017-05-04), Bilirubin suppresses Th17 immunity in colitis by upregulating CD39 JCI Insight, 2017-02(9).
PMID: 28469075
Species: Human
Sample Types: Whole Cells

S Lopez-Last et al. (2017-04-06), A functional DC cross talk promotes human ILC homeostasis in humanized mice Blood Adv, 2017-01(10):601-614.
PMID: 29296702
Species: Human
Sample Types: Whole Cells

A Camelo et al. (2017-03-30), IL-33, IL-25, and TSLP induce a distinct phenotypic and activation profile in human type 2 innate lymphoid cells Blood Adv, 2017-01(10):577-589.
PMID: 29296700
Species: Human
Sample Types: Whole Cells
Applications: Bioassay

C Guntermann et al. (2017-03-09), Retinoic-acid-orphan-receptor-C inhibition suppresses Th17 cells and induces thymic aberrations JCI Insight, 2017-02(5):e91127.
PMID: 28289717
Species: Human
Sample Types: Whole Cells
Applications: Bioassay

H Tsukamoto et al. (2017-02-24), Soluble IL-6R expressed by myeloid cells reduces tumor-specific Th1 differentation and drives tumor progression Cancer Res, 2017-00(0).
PMID: 28235765
Species: Human
Sample Types: Whole Cells
Applications: Bioassay

H Jensen et al. (2017-01-31), EBI3 regulates the NK cell response to mouse cytomegalovirus infection Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A, 2017-00(0).
PMID: 28143936
Species: Human
Sample Types: Whole Cells
Applications: Bioassay

A Jud et al. (2017-01-24), Tonsillar CD56brightNKG2A+ NK cells restrict primary Epstein-Barr virus infection in B cells via IFN-? Oncotarget, 2017-08(4):6130-6141.
PMID: 28008151
Species: Human
Sample Types: Recombinant Protein
Applications: ELISA (Control)

(2016-12-07), Preclinical validation: LV/IL-12 transduction of patient leukemia cells for immunotherapy of AML Mol Ther Methods Clin Dev, 2016-13(0):16074.
PMID: 27933304
Species: Human
Sample Types: Whole Cells
Applications: CAR-T (Bioassay)

Roybal K et al. (2016-09-29), Engineering T Cells with Customized Therapeutic Response Programs Using Synthetic Notch Receptors. Cell, 2016-0167(2):419-432.e16.
PMID: 27693353
Species: Human
Sample Types: Whole Cells
Applications: Bioassay

Y Wang et al. (2016-09-19), Dual T cell- and B cell-intrinsic deficiency in humans with biallelic RLTPR mutations J. Exp. Med., 2016-0213(11):2413-2435.
PMID: 27647349
Species: Human
Sample Types: Whole Cells
Applications: Bioassay

I de Weerdt et al. (2016-08-04), Innate lymphoid cells are expanded and functionally altered in chronic lymphocytic leukemia Haematologica, 2016-0101(11):e461-e464.
PMID: 27662009
Species: Human
Sample Types: Whole Cells
Applications: Bioassay

(2016-08-03), Interferon Alpha Induces Sustained Changes in NK Cell Responsiveness to Hepatitis B Viral Load Suppression In Vivo PLoS Pathog, 2016-012(8):e1005788.
PMID: 27487232
Species: Human
Sample Types: Whole Cells
Applications: Bioassay

Burak Dura (2016-06-14), Longitudinal multiparameter assay of lymphocyte interactions from onset by microfluidic cell pairing and culture Proc Natl Acad Sci USA, 2016-00(0).
PMID: 27303033
Species: Human
Sample Types: Whole Cells
Applications: Bioassay

SM Bal et al. (2016-04-25), IL-1?, IL-4 and IL-12 control the fate of group 2 innate lymphoid cells in human airway inflammation in the lungs Nat Immunol, 2016-00(0).
PMID: 27111145
Species: Human
Sample Types: Whole Cells
Applications: Bioassay

Chai S et al. (2015-11-04), Identification of Four-Jointed Box 1 (FJX1)-Specific Peptides for Immunotherapy of Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma. PLoS ONE, 2015-110(11):e0130464.
PMID: 26536470
Species: Human
Sample Types: Whole Cells
Applications: Bioassay

Kudo H et al. (2015-09-09), EBI3 Downregulation Contributes to Type I Collagen Overexpression in Scleroderma Skin. J Immunol, 2015-0195(8):3565-73.
PMID: 26355156
Species: Human
Sample Types: Whole Cells
Applications: Bioassay

Jacomet F et al. (2015-05-20), Evidence for eomesodermin-expressing innate-like CD8(+) KIR/NKG2A(+) T cells in human adults and cord blood samples. Eur J Immunol, 2015-045(7):1926-33.
PMID: 25903796
Species: Human
Sample Types: Whole Cells
Applications: Bioassay

Heinonen M et al. (2015-05-11), GIMAP GTPase family genes: potential modifiers in autoimmune diabetes, asthma, and allergy. J Immunol, 2015-0194(12):5885-94.
PMID: 25964488
Species: Human
Sample Types: Whole Cells
Applications: Bioassay

Wilson R et al. (2015-05-04), STAT3 is a critical cell-intrinsic regulator of human unconventional T cell numbers and function. J Exp Med, 2015-0212(6):855-64.
PMID: 25941256
Species: Human
Sample Types: Whole Cells
Applications: Bioassay

Ranzani et al. (2015-01-26), The long intergenic noncoding RNA landscape of human lymphocytes highlights the regulation of T cell differentiation by linc-MAF-4. Nat Immunol, 2015-016(3):318-25.
PMID: 25621826
Species: Human
Sample Types: Whole Cells
Applications: Bioassay

Sugita S et al. (2015-01-20), Inhibition of T-cell activation by retinal pigment epithelial cells derived from induced pluripotent stem cells. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci, 2015-056(2):1051-62.
PMID: 25604685
Species: Human
Sample Types: Cell Culture Supernates
Applications: Bioassay

Moore C et al. (2014-12-10), Direct and indirect effects of immune and central nervous system-resident cells on human oligodendrocyte progenitor cell differentiation. J Immunol, 2014-1194(2):761-72.
PMID: 25505283
Species: Human
Sample Types: Whole Cells
Applications: Bioassay

Mohnle P et al. (2014-11-27), MicroRNA-146a controls Th1-cell differentiation of human CD4+ T lymphocytes by targeting PRKCepsilon. Eur J Immunol, 2014-145(1):260-72.
PMID: 25308712
Species: Human
Sample Types: Whole Cells
Applications: Bioassay

Arber C et al. (2014-11-21), Survivin-specific T cell receptor targets tumor but not T cells. J Clin Invest, 2014-1125(1):157-68.
PMID: 25415440
Species: Human
Sample Types: Whole Cells
Applications: Bioassay

Lam et al. (2014-11-04), Broadly-specific cytotoxic T cells targeting multiple HIV antigens are expanded from HIV+ patients: implications for immunotherapy. Mol Ther, 2014-123(2):387-95.
PMID: 25366030
Species: Human
Sample Types: Whole Cells
Applications: Bioassay

Kylaniemi M et al. (2014-07-14), The regulation and role of c-FLIP in human Th cell differentiation. PLoS ONE, 2014-09(7):e102022.
PMID: 25019384
Species: Human
Sample Types: Whole Cells
Applications: Bioassay

Duhen T et al. (2014-06-02), IL-1beta promotes the differentiation of polyfunctional human CCR6+CXCR3+ Th1/17 cells that are specific for pathogenic and commensal microbes. J Immunol, 2014-0193(1):120-9.
PMID: 24890729
Species: Human
Sample Types: Whole Cells
Applications: Bioassay

Touzot M et al. (2014-05-28), Combinatorial flexibility of cytokine function during human T helper cell differentiation. Nat Commun, 2014-05(0):3987.
PMID: 24865484
Species: Human
Sample Types: Whole Cells
Applications: Bioassay

Kofler D et al. (2014-05-08), Decreased RORC-dependent silencing of prostaglandin receptor EP2 induces autoimmune Th17 cells. J Clin Invest, 2014-0124(6):2513-22.
PMID: 24812667
Species: Human
Sample Types: Whole Cells
Applications: Bioassay

Kongsbak M et al. (2014-05-02), Vitamin D up-regulates the vitamin D receptor by protecting it from proteasomal degradation in human CD4+ T cells. PLoS ONE, 2014-09(5):e96695.
PMID: 24792400
Species: Human
Sample Types: Whole Cells
Applications: Bioassay

Teunissen M et al. (2014-03-21), Composition of innate lymphoid cell subsets in the human skin: enrichment of NCR(+) ILC3 in lesional skin and blood of psoriasis patients. J Invest Dermatol, 2014-0134(9):2351-60.
PMID: 24658504
Species: Human
Sample Types: Whole Cells
Applications: Bioassay

Zou Y et al. (2014-03-18), Manipulating the expression of chemokine receptors enhances delivery and activity of cytokine-induced killer cells. Br J Cancer, 2014-0110(8):1992-9.
PMID: 24642619
Species: Human
Sample Types: Whole Cells
Applications: Bioassay

Gresnigt M et al. (2014-03-06), A polysaccharide virulence factor from Aspergillus fumigatus elicits anti-inflammatory effects through induction of Interleukin-1 receptor antagonist. PLoS Pathog, 2014-010(3):e1003936.
PMID: 24603878
Species: Human
Sample Types: Whole Cells
Applications: Bioassay

Prigent L et al. (2014-02-18), The aryl hydrocarbon receptor is functionally upregulated early in the course ofvhuman T-cell activation. Eur J Immunol, 2014-044(5):1330-40.
PMID: 24549985
Species: Human
Sample Types: Whole Cells
Applications: Bioassay

Mavropoulos A et al. (2014-02-03), Flow cytometric detection of p38 MAPK phosphorylation and intracellular cytokine expression in peripheral blood subpopulations from patients with autoimmune rheumatic diseases. J Immunol Res, 2014-02014(0):671431.
PMID: 24741615
Species: Human
Sample Types: Whole Cells
Applications: Bioassay

Reichwald K et al. (2014-01-08), TL1A induces TCR independent IL-6 and TNF-alpha production and growth of PLZF(+) leukocytes. PLoS ONE, 2014-09(1):e85793.
PMID: 24416448
Species: Human
Sample Types: Whole Cells
Applications: Bioassay

Cheng X et al. (2014-01-01), High activities of BACE1 in brains with mild cognitive impairment. Am J Pathol, 2014-0184(1):141-7.
PMID: 24332014
Species: Human
Sample Types: Whole Cells
Applications: Bioassay

Pliyev B et al. (2013-12-16), Neutrophil microparticles modulate cytokine production by natural killer cells. Cytokine, 2013-165(2):126-9.
PMID: 24355430
Species: Human
Sample Types: Whole Cells
Applications: Bioassay

Wang et al. (2013-09-27), Mapping the p53 transcriptome universe using p53 natural polymorphs. Cell Death Differ, 2013-021(4):521-32.
PMID: 24076587
Species: Human
Sample Types: Whole Cells
Applications: Bioassay

Hawkins R et al. (2013-06-20), Global chromatin state analysis reveals lineage-specific enhancers during the initiation of human T helper 1 and T helper 2 cell polarization. Immunity, 2013-038(6):1271-84.
PMID: 23791644
Species: Mouse
Sample Types: Whole Cells
Applications: Bioassay

Stephens G et al. (2013-05-08), Kynurenine 3-monooxygenase mediates inhibition of Th17 differentiation via catabolism of endogenous aryl hydrocarbon receptor ligands. Eur J Immunol, 2013-043(7):1727-34.
PMID: 23568529
Species: Human
Sample Types: Whole Cells
Applications: Bioassay

Chen et al. (2013-03-20), Interleukin-27 is a potent inhibitor of cis HIV-1 replication in monocyte-derived dendritic cells via a type I interferon-independent pathway. PLoS ONE, 2013-08(3):e59194.
PMID: 23527130
Species: Human
Sample Types: Plasma
Applications: Bioassay

Rosen L et al. (2013-03-18), Anti-GM-CSF autoantibodies in patients with cryptococcal meningitis. J Immunol, 2013-0190(8):3959-66.
PMID: 23509356
Species: Human
Sample Types: Whole Cells
Applications: Bioassay

Wilk S et al. (2013-03-01), Adiponectin modulates NK-cell function. Eur J Immunol, 2013-043(4):1024-33.
PMID: 23401034
Species: Human
Sample Types: Whole Cells
Applications: Bioassay

Dong J et al. (2013-03-01), Loss of methylation at the IFNG promoter and CNS-1 is associated with the development of functional IFN-gamma memory in human CD4(+) T lymphocytes. Eur J Immunol, 2013-043(3):793-804.
PMID: 23255246
Species: Human
Sample Types: Whole Cells
Applications: Bioassay

Mazerolles F et al. (2013-02-10), Blood CD4+CD45RO+CXCR5+ T cells are decreased but partially functional in signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 deficiency. J Allergy Clin Immunol, 2013-0131(4):1146-56, 1156.
PMID: 23403044
Species: Human
Sample Types: Whole Cells
Applications: Bioassay

You C et al. (2012-09-01), AAV2/IL-12 gene delivery into dendritic cells (DC) enhances CTL stimulation above other IL-12 applications: Evidence for IL-12 intracrine activity in DC. Oncoimmunology, 2012-01(6):847-855.
PMID: 23162752
Species: Human
Sample Types: Whole Cells
Applications: Bioassay

Wilson TR et al. (2012-07-26), Widespread potential for growth-factor-driven resistance to anticancer kinase inhibitors. Nature, 2012-0487(7408):505-9.
PMID: 22763448
Species: Human
Sample Types: Whole Cells
Applications: Bioassay

Flanagan K et al. (2012-07-06), Laminin-411 Is a Vascular Ligand for MCAM and Facilitates TH17 Cell Entry into the CNS. PLoS ONE, 2012-07(7):e40443.
PMID: 22792325
Species: Human
Sample Types: Whole Cells
Applications: Bioassay

Nielsen N et al. (2012-02-22), Cytotoxicity of CD56(bright) NK cells towards autologous activated CD4+ T cells is mediated through NKG2D, LFA-1 and TRAIL and dampened via CD94/NKG2A. PLoS ONE, 2012-07(2):e31959.
PMID: 22384114
Species: Human
Sample Types: Whole Cells
Applications: Bioassay

Carrier Y et al. (2011-09-01), Inter-regulation of Th17 cytokines and the IL-36 cytokines in vitro and in vivo: implications in psoriasis pathogenesis. J. Invest. Dermatol., 2011-0131(12):2428-37.
PMID: 21881584
Species: Human
Sample Types: Whole Cells
Applications: Bioassay

Le Garff-Tavernier M et al. (2010-10-26), Analysis of CD16+CD56dim NK cells from CLL patients: evidence supporting a therapeutic strategy with optimized anti-CD20 monoclonal antibodies. Leukemia, 2010-125(1):101-9.
PMID: 20975664
Species: Human
Sample Types: Whole Cells
Applications: Bioassay

Ramirez JM et al. (2010-09-01), Activation of the aryl hydrocarbon receptor reveals distinct requirements for IL-22 and IL-17 production by human T helper cells. Eur. J. Immunol., 2010-040(9):2450-9.
PMID: 20706985
Species: Human
Sample Types: Whole Cells
Applications: Bioassay

Beziat V et al. (2010-08-06), NK cell terminal differentiation: correlated stepwise decrease of NKG2A and acquisition of KIRs. PLoS ONE, 2010-05(8):e11966.
PMID: 20700504
Species: Human
Sample Types: Whole Cells
Applications: Bioassay

Jindra C (2010-02-01), Human rhinoviruses induce IL-35-producing Treg via induction of B7-H1 (CD274) and sialoadhesin (CD169) on DC. Eur J Immunol, 2010-040(2):321-9.
PMID: 19950173
Species: Human
Sample Types: Whole Cells
Applications: Bioassay

Ramana Rao PV et al. (2010-01-01), Natural killer cell-mediated cytokine response among HIV-positive south Indians with pulmonary tuberculosis. J. Interferon Cytokine Res., 2010-030(1):33-42.
PMID: 20028198
Species: Human
Sample Types: Whole Cells
Applications: Bioassay

Reeves EP et al. (2009-12-21), IL-8 dictates glycosaminoglycan binding and stability of IL-18 in cystic fibrosis. J. Immunol., 2009-1184(3):1642-52.
PMID: 20026745
Species: Human
Sample Types: Whole Cells
Applications: Bioassay

Brucklacher-Waldert V et al. (2009-11-01), Phenotypical characterization of human Th17 cells unambiguously identified by surface IL-17A expression. J. Immunol., 2009-1183(9):5494-501.
PMID: 19843935
Species: Human
Sample Types: Whole Cells
Applications: Bioassay

Witte K et al. (2009-10-01), Despite IFN-lambda receptor expression, blood immune cells, but not keratinocytes or melanocytes, have an impaired response to type III interferons: implications for therapeutic applications of these cytokines. Genes Immun., 2009-110(8):702-14.
PMID: 19798076
Species: Human
Sample Types: Whole Cells
Applications: Bioassay

De Jager W et al. (2009-09-01), Defective phosphorylation of interleukin-18 receptor beta causes impaired natural killer cell function in systemic-onset juvenile idiopathic arthritis. Arthritis Rheum., 2009-060(9):2782-93.
PMID: 19714583
Species: Human
Sample Types: Whole Cells
Applications: Bioassay

Eid RE et al. (2009-03-02), Interleukin-17 and interferon-gamma are produced concomitantly by human coronary artery-infiltrating T cells and act synergistically on vascular smooth muscle cells. Circulation, 2009-0119(10):1424-32.
PMID: 19255340
Species: Human
Sample Types: Whole Cells
Applications: Bioassay

Beziat V et al. (2009-01-08), Fully functional NK cells after unrelated cord blood transplantation. Leukemia, 2009-023(4):721-8.
PMID: 19151772
Species: Human
Sample Types: Whole Cells
Applications: Bioassay

Lee WI et al. (2008-12-13), Immunologic analysis of HIV-uninfected Taiwanese children with BCG-induced disease. J. Clin. Immunol., 2008-129(3):319-29.
PMID: 19089604
Sample Types: N/A
Applications: ELISA (Standard)

Biancotto A et al. (2008-03-01), Upregulation of human cytomegalovirus by HIV type 1 in human lymphoid tissue ex vivo. AIDS Res. Hum. Retroviruses, 2008-024(3):453-62.
PMID: 18327985
Species: Human
Sample Types: Whole Cells
Applications: Bioassay

Wu B et al. (2007-12-26), IL-24 modulates IFN-gamma expression in patients with tuberculosis. Immunol. Lett., 2007-1117(1):57-62.
PMID: 18199488
Sample Types: N/A
Applications: ELISA (Standard)

Pfleger C et al. (2007-10-22), Effect of serum content and diluent selection on assay sensitivity and signal intensity in multiplex bead-based immunoassays. J. Immunol. Methods, 2007-1329(1):214-8.
PMID: 17964594
Species: Human
Sample Types: Whole Cells
Applications: Bioassay

de Matos CT et al. (2007-05-22), Activating and inhibitory receptors on synovial fluid natural killer cells of arthritis patients: role of CD94/NKG2A in control of cytokine secretion. Immunology, 2007-0122(2):291-301.
PMID: 17521371
Sample Types: N/A
Applications: ELISA (Standard)

Biancotto A et al. (2007-02-08), Abnormal activation and cytokine spectra in lymph nodes of people chronically infected with HIV-1. Blood, 2007-0109(10):4272-9.
PMID: 17289812
Species: Human
Sample Types: Whole Cells
Applications: Bioassay

Ebert EC et al. (2006-08-17), Human intestinal intraepithelial lymphocytes keep TNF alpha levels low by cell uptake and feedback inhibition of transcription. Cell. Immunol., 2006-0241(1):7-13.
PMID: 16914126
Species: Human
Sample Types: Whole Cells
Applications: Bioassay

Gounni Abdelilah S et al. (2006-06-16), Increased expression of Th2-associated chemokines in bullous pemphigoid disease. Role of eosinophils in the production and release of these chemokines. Clin. Immunol., 2006-0120(2):220-31.
PMID: 16782408
Sample Types: N/A
Applications: ELISA (Specificity Testing)

Vaknin-Dembinsky A et al. (2006-06-15), IL-23 is increased in dendritic cells in multiple sclerosis and down-regulation of IL-23 by antisense oligos increases dendritic cell IL-10 production. J. Immunol., 2006-0176(12):7768-74.
PMID: 16751425
Species: Human
Sample Types: Whole Cells
Applications: Bioassay

Chapgier A et al. (2006-04-15), Human complete Stat-1 deficiency is associated with defective type I and II IFN responses in vitro but immunity to some low virulence viruses in vivo. J. Immunol., 2006-0176(8):5078-83.
PMID: 16585605
Species: Human
Sample Types: Whole Cells
Applications: Bioassay

Hanabuchi S et al. (2006-01-05), Human plasmacytoid predendritic cells activate NK cells through glucocorticoid-induced tumor necrosis factor receptor-ligand (GITRL). Blood, 2006-0107(9):3617-23.
PMID: 16397134
Species: Human
Sample Types: Whole Cells
Applications: Bioassay

Dulos J et al. (2005-03-01), CYP7B expression and activity in fibroblast-like synoviocytes from patients with rheumatoid arthritis: regulation by proinflammatory cytokines. Arthritis Rheum., 2005-052(3):770-8.
PMID: 15751070
Species: Human
Sample Types: Whole Cells
Applications: Bioassay

Radstake TR et al. (2004-12-01), Expression of toll-like receptors 2 and 4 in rheumatoid synovial tissue and regulation by proinflammatory cytokines interleukin-12 and interleukin-18 via interferon-gamma. Arthritis Rheum., 2004-150(12):3856-65.
PMID: 15593217
Species: Human
Sample Types: Whole Cells
Applications: Bioassay

Kao CY et al. (2004-09-01), IL-17 markedly up-regulates beta-defensin-2 expression in human airway epithelium via JAK and NF-kappaB signaling pathways. J. Immunol., 2004-0173(5):3482-91.
PMID: 15322213
Species: Human
Sample Types: Whole Cells
Applications: Bioassay

Fieschi C et al. (2004-06-03), A novel form of complete IL-12/IL-23 receptor beta1 deficiency with cell surface-expressed nonfunctional receptors. Blood, 2004-0104(7):2095-101.
PMID: 15178580
Species: Human
Sample Types: Whole Cells
Applications: Bioassay

Schmidt KN et al. (2004-01-01), APC-independent activation of NK cells by the Toll-like receptor 3 agonist double-stranded RNA. J. Immunol., 2004-0172(1):138-43.
PMID: 14688319
Sample Types: N/A
Applications: ELISA (Standard)

Copeland S et al. (2004-01-01), Direct comparison of traditional ELISAs and membrane protein arrays for detection and quantification of human cytokines. J. Immunol. Methods, 2004-0284(1):99-106.
PMID: 14736420
Species: Human
Sample Types: Whole Cells
Applications: Bioassay

Moreaux J et al. (2003-12-04), BAFF and APRIL protect myeloma cells from apoptosis induced by interleukin 6 deprivation and dexamethasone. Blood, 2003-1103(8):3148-57.
PMID: 15070697
Species: Human
Sample Types: Whole Cells
Applications: Bioassay

Durali D et al. (2003-07-31), In human B cells, IL-12 triggers a cascade of molecular events similar to Th1 commitment. Blood, 2003-0102(12):4084-9.
PMID: 12893768
Species: Primate - Macaca fascicularis (Crab-eating Monkey or Cynomolgus Macaque)
Sample Types: Whole Cells
Applications: Bioassay

Favre D et al. (2002-11-01), Lack of an immune response against the tetracycline-dependent transactivator correlates with long-term doxycycline-regulated transgene expression in nonhuman primates after intramuscular injection of recombinant adeno-associated virus. J. Virol., 2002-176(22):11605-11.
PMID: 12388721
Species: Human
Sample Types: Whole Cells
Applications: Bioassay

Parham C et al. (2002-06-01), A receptor for the heterodimeric cytokine IL-23 is composed of IL-12Rbeta1 and a novel cytokine receptor subunit, IL-23R. J. Immunol., 2002-0168(11):5699-708.
PMID: 12023369
Species: Human
Sample Types: Whole Cells
Applications: Bioassay

Wolk K et al. (2002-06-01), Cutting edge: immune cells as sources and targets of the IL-10 family members? J. Immunol., 2002-0168(11):5397-402.
PMID: 12023331

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Recombinant Human IL-12 Protein

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Application: Stem/Immune cell maintenance or differentiation

Verified Customer | Posted 02/27/2023

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FAQs for Recombinant Human IL-12 Protein

What is the difference between Recombinant Human IL-12 Protein (Catalog # 219-IL) and Recombinant Human Il-12 (linked heterodimer) Protein (Catalog # 10018-IL?

The Recombinant Human IL-12 Protein (Catalog # 219-IL), expressed in Sf 21 cells, is a disulfide-linked homodimer consisting of the p35 and p40 subunits. The subunits can be separated under reducing conditions. The Recombinant Human IL-12 (linked heterodimer) Protein (Catalog # 10018-IL), expressed in HEK293 cells, is a chimeric protein consisting of the p35 and p40 subunits connected by a linker. These two subunits cannot be separated.
Human IL-23 and Human IL-12 share a p40 subunit. Why is the predicted molecular weight for the p40 subunit 36.5 kDa in the Recombinant Human IL-23 Protein (Catalog # 1290-IL), while the predicted molecular weight for the p40 subunit is 34.7 kDa for the Recombinant Human IL-12 Protein (Catalog # 219-IL)?

The Recombinant Human IL-23 Protein (Catalog # 1290-IL) and Recombinant Human IL-12 Protein (Catalog # 219-IL) p40 subunits share the same p40 sequence, Ile23-Ser328 (Accession # P29460). However, the p40 subunit for Recombinant Human IL-23 (Catalog # 1290-IL) also contains a portion of the GS linker that remains after cleaving p40 subunit from the p19 subunit, so its predicted molecular is slightly larger (36.5 kDa) compared to that of the Recombinant Human IL-12 Protein (Catalog # 219-IL; 34.7 kDa). Please see the product-specific page for detailed sequence information.

Recombinant Human IL-12 Protein

Catalog # 219-IL | R&D Systems, Inc. a Bio-Techne Brand

Key Product Details

Product Specifications for Recombinant Human IL-12 Protein

Formulation, Preparation and Storage

Carrier Free

219-IL

Carrier

219-IL/CF

Carrier Free

Reconstitution Calculator

Background: IL-12

Citations for Recombinant Human IL-12 Protein (129)

Customer Reviews for Recombinant Human IL-12 Protein (1)

Recombinant Human IL-12 Protein

FAQs for Recombinant Human IL-12 Protein

Product Documents for Recombinant Human IL-12 Protein

Product Datasheets

COA

Certificate of Analysis

SDS

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