Growth Differentiation Factor 8 (GDF-8), also known as myostatin, is a member of the TGF-beta superfamily that is expressed specifically in developing and adult skeletal muscle. GDF-8 cDNA encodes a 376 amino acid (aa) prepropeptide with a 24 aa residue signal peptide, a 223 aa residue amino-terminal propeptide, and a 109 aa residue carboxy-terminal mature protein. Mature GDF-8 contains the canonical 7-cysteine motif common to other TGF-beta superfamily members. Similar to the TGF-beta s, activins and BMP-11, GDF-8 also contains one extra pair of cysteine residues that is not found in other family members. The bioactive form of GDF-8 is a homodimer with an apparent molecular weight of approximately 25 kDa. GDF-8 is highly conserved across species. At the amino acid sequence level, mature human, mouse, rat and cow GDF-8 are 100% identical. Within the TGF-beta superfamily, GDF-8 is most closely related to BMP-11, a mammalian protein that acts as a dorsal mesoderm and neural inducer in Xenopus explants. The two proteins share 90% amino acid sequence identity within their mature chain. A targeted disruption of GDF-8 in mouse results in large mice with a widespread increase in skeletal muscle mass, indicating that GDF-8 is a negative regulator of skeletal muscle growth. A mutation in the bovine GDF-8 gene has been shown to be responsible for the double-muscled phenotype in cattle breeds such as Belgian Blue cattle that is characterized by an increase in muscle mass. GDF-8 has also been shown to inhibit preadipocyte differentiation to adipocytes. Mature GDF-8 binds to activin type II receptors and the binding is antagonized by the activin-binding protein, follistatin. R&D Systems recombinant GDF-8 preparations have been shown to act similarly to Activin A in both the Xenopus animal cap and the K562 assays.

References

Storm, E.E. et al. (1994) Nature 368:639.
Sharma, M. et al. (1999) J. Cell Physiol. 180:1.
McPherron, A.C. et al. (1997) Nature 387:83.
Lee, S.J. et al. (2001) Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 98:9306.
Kim, H.S. et al. (2001) Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun. 281:902.

Long Name

Growth Differentiation Factor 8

Alternate Names

GDF8, MSLHP, MSTN, Myostatin

Entrez Gene IDs

2660 (Human); 17700 (Mouse)

Gene Symbol

MSTN

UniProt

O08689

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Product Specific Notices

This product is provided under an intellectual property license from Life Technologies Corporation. The transfer of this product is conditioned on the buyer using the purchased product solely in research conducted by the buyer, excluding contract research or any fee for service research, and the buyer must not (1) use this product or its components for (a) diagnostic, therapeutic or prophylactic purposes; (b) testing, analysis or screening services, or information in return for compensation on a per-test basis; or (c) manufacturing or quality assurance or quality control, and/or (2) sell or transfer this product or its components for resale, whether or not resold for use in research. For information on purchasing a license to this product for purposes other than as described above, contact Life Technologies Corporation, 5781 Van Allen Way, Carlsbad, CA 92008 USA or outlicensing@thermofisher.com.

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Human/Mouse/Rat GDF-8/Myostatin Alexa Fluor™ Plus 405-conjugated Antibody

R&D Systems, part of Bio-Techne | Catalog # AF788AFP405

Key Product Details

Species Reactivity

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Product Specifications

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Immunohistochemistry

Western Blot

Neutralization

Background: GDF-8/Myostatin