Key Product Details

Species Reactivity

Mouse

Applications

Western Blot

Label

mFluor Violet 610 SE (Excitation = 421 nm, Emission = 613 nm)

Antibody Source

Monoclonal Rat IgG2A Clone # 156902

Concentration

Please see the vial label for concentration. If unlisted please contact technical services.

View all VEGF Antibodies »

Product Specifications

Immunogen

S. frugiperda insect ovarian cell line Sf 21-derived recombinant mouse VEGF164
Ala27-Arg190
Accession # AAA40547

Specificity

Detects mouse VEGF164 in direct ELISAs and Western blots. In direct ELISAs and Western blots, this antibody shows 25-100% cross-reactivity with recombinant human VEGF165 and recombinant rat VEGF164 and no cross-reactivity with recombinant mouse (rm) VEGF115, rmVEGF120, rmVEGF‑B, rhVEGF‑C, or rmVEGF‑D. Cross-reactivity with rmVEGF188 was not determined.

Clonality

Monoclonal

Host

Rat

Isotype

IgG2A

Applications for VEGF Antibody (156902) [mFluor Violet 610 SE]

Application
Recommended Usage

Western Blot

Optimal dilutions of this antibody should be experimentally determined.
Application Notes
Optimal dilution of this antibody should be experimentally determined.

Formulation, Preparation, and Storage

Purification

Protein A or G purified from hybridoma culture supernatant

Formulation

50mM Sodium Borate

Preservative

0.05% Sodium Azide

Concentration

Please see the vial label for concentration. If unlisted please contact technical services.

Shipping

The product is shipped with polar packs. Upon receipt, store it immediately at the temperature recommended below.

Stability & Storage

Store at 4C in the dark.

Background: VEGF

Vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), also called VEGF-A and vascular permeability factor (VPF), is a secreted homodimeric glycoprotein belonging to the VEGF family with a role in stimulating angiogenesis and vasculogenesis (1,2). More specifically, VEGF-A secretion from most cell types contributes to promoting endothelial cell proliferation and migration, inhibiting apoptosis, increasing vascular permeability, and wound healing (1). The VEGF family consists of several members including VEGF-A, VEGF-B, VEGF-C, VEGF-D, VEGF-E, VEGF-F, and placenta growth factor (PLGF) (1-4). As a result of alternative splicing of the eight exon VEGFA gene, there are several VEGF-A protein isoforms of 121, 145, 165, 183, 189, and 206 amino acids (aa) in length, with VEGF121 and VEGF165 being the two most expressed isoforms (1,5). Full length VEGF-A monomer has a 26 aa signal sequence plus a 206 aa (VEGF206) sequence, with a theoretic molecular weight (MW) of 27 kDa, containing VEGF receptor 1 (VEGFR1) and VEGR2 binding sites and heparin-binding domains (1-3,5,6). VEGF121 lacks heparin affinity and binds the receptor tyrosine kinases (RTKs) VEGFR1 and VEGFR2, whereas VEGF165 has moderate affinity for heparin and, in addition to being a ligand for VEGFR1 and VEGFR2, can also bind the co-receptors neuropilin 1 (NRP1) and NRP2 (1,5). Hypoxia and hypoxia-related genes such as HIF-1, EGF, and PDGF are major regulators angiogenesis and VEGF expression (1,3). VEGF signaling initiated by ligand binding to its receptors results in activation of different pathways including PI3K and MAPK and ultimately guides endothelial cell proliferation, migration, and survival (1,3). While VEGF plays an important role in promoting normal angiogenesis and blood vessel formation, its expression is often upregulated in tumors and other angiogenesis-related pathologies like osteroarthritis (OA) (1-5,7). Given its function, VEGF and its receptors have become a therapeutic target for treating cancer and blocking angiogenesis (4,5,7). A recombinant humanized monoclonal anti-VEGFA antibody called bevacizumab (Avastin) was first approved by the FDA in 2004 for the treatment of a number of cancers (1-3,5). Cancer patients may experience resistance to anti-VEGF antibodies and, as such, clinical studies are exploring combination treatment options with chemotherapies and immune-checkpoint inhibitors (3,5).

References

1. Melincovici CS, Bosca AB, susman S, et al. Vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) - key factor in normal and pathological angiogenesis. Rom J Morphol Embryol. 2018;59(2):455-467.

2. Shaik F, Cuthbert GA, Homer-Vanniasinkam S, Muench SP, Ponnambalam S, Harrison MA. Structural Basis for Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor Receptor Activation and Implications for Disease Therapy. Biomolecules. 2020;10(12):1673. https://doi.org/10.3390/biom10121673

3. Apte RS, Chen DS, Ferrara N. VEGF in Signaling and Disease: Beyond Discovery and Development. Cell. 2019;176(6):1248-1264. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cell.2019.01.021

4. Matsumoto K, Ema M. Roles of VEGF-A signalling in development, regeneration, and tumours. J Biochem. 2014;156(1):1-10. https://doi.org/10.1093/jb/mvu031

5. Itatani Y, Kawada K, Yamamoto T, Sakai Y. Resistance to Anti-Angiogenic Therapy in Cancer-Alterations to Anti-VEGF Pathway. Int J Mol Sci. 2018;19(4):1232. Published 2018 Apr 18. doi:10.3390/ijms19041232

6. Uniprot (P15692)

7. Hamilton JL, Nagao M, Levine BR, Chen D, Olsen BR, Im HJ. Targeting VEGF and Its Receptors for the Treatment of Osteoarthritis and Associated Pain. J Bone Miner Res. 2016;31(5):911-924. https://doi.org/10.1002/jbmr.2828

Long Name

Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor

Alternate Names

MVCD1, VAS, Vasculotropin, VEGF-A, VEGFA, VPF

Gene Symbol

VEGFA

Additional VEGF Products

Product Documents for VEGF Antibody (156902) [mFluor Violet 610 SE]

Product Datasheets

Certificate of Analysis

To download a Certificate of Analysis, please enter a lot number in the search box below.

Download SDS

Product Specific Notices for VEGF Antibody (156902) [mFluor Violet 610 SE]

mFluor(TM) is a trademark of AAT Bioquest, Inc. This conjugate is made on demand. Actual recovery may vary from the stated volume of this product. The volume will be greater than or equal to the unit size stated on the datasheet.

This product is for research use only and is not approved for use in humans or in clinical diagnosis. Primary Antibodies are guaranteed for 1 year from date of receipt.

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