Human Collagen XXIII  alpha1 Alexa Fluor® 594-conjugated Antibody

Collagen XXIII alpha 1 (sometimes abbreviated COL23A1) is a ~75 kDa type II transmembrane nonfibrillar collagen that is a member of the collagenous transmembrane protein superfamily (1, 2). This family also includes collagens XIII, XVII, XXV and non‑collagens with triple‑helical regions such as ectodysplasin A, class A macrophage scavenger receptors, and MARCO (2). The human Collagen XXIII mRNA encodes a 540 amino acid (aa) protein containing a 34 aa N‑terminal cytoplasmic domain, a 21 aa transmembrane (TM) domain and a 485 aa extracellular domain (ECD). The ECD contains a coiled‑coil consensus sequence to aid homotrimerization (aa 64‑69), a furin cleavage site (aa 105‑110), a pair of cysteines thought to form intermolecular disulfides (aa 106 and 108), and three collagen domains (1, 3‑5). The C‑terminal 20 aa, including cysteines at aa 525 and 537 of Collagen XXIII, is conserved among TM collagen proteins. Proteolytic cleavage, occurring mainly in the golgi, allows the Collagen XXIII ectodomain to be secreted as a soluble trimer of ~60 kDa subunits (1, 5). Cell surface cleavage can also occur but is slow, presumably due to presence of Collagen XXIII in lipid raft membrane domains (5). The protein database includes three variants of 537, 316 and 309 aa with various portions missing or substituted; all appear to lack TM segments (6). The human Collagen XXIII ECD shares 92%, 93%, 85%, 85% and 84% aa identity with mouse, rat, canine, equine and bovine Collagen XXIII, respectively. Collagen XXIII is concentrated at sites of cell contact in epithelia, and is thought to be an adhesion molecule (2, 4). Its up‑regulation has been correlated with aggressiveness in transformed cells, particularly in prostate cancer (1, 7).