STING/TMEM173 Antibody

Novus Biologicals, part of Bio-Techne | Catalog # NBP2-24548

Discontinued Product
NBP2-24548 has been discontinued. View all STING/TMEM173 products.

Key Product Details

Species Reactivity

Validated:

Human

Cited:

Human

Applications

Validated:

Western Blot, Immunocytochemistry/ Immunofluorescence

Cited:

Western Blot, Immunocytochemistry/ Immunofluorescence

Label

Unconjugated

Antibody Source

Polyclonal Rabbit

Concentration

0.5 mg/ml

View all STING/TMEM173 Antibodies »

Product Specifications

Immunogen

A portion of amino acids 50-100 of human STING was used as the immunogen.

Reactivity Notes

The amino acid sequence used as immunogen is 100% homologous in human (isoform CRA_a), chimpanzee and rhesus monkey, 87% homologous in dog and cow, 81% homologous in horse, mouse and boar and 75% homologous in rat.

Clonality

Polyclonal

Host

Rabbit

Applications for STING/TMEM173 Antibody

Application
Recommended Usage

Western Blot

5-10 ug/ml

Formulation, Preparation, and Storage

Purification

Immunogen affinity purified

Formulation

0.2 ml PBS and 0.05% BSA

Preservative

0.05% Sodium Azide

Concentration

0.5 mg/ml

Shipping

The product is shipped with polar packs. Upon receipt, store it immediately at the temperature recommended below.

Stability & Storage

Store at 4C short term. Aliquot and store at -20C long term. Avoid freeze-thaw cycles.

Background: STING/TMEM173

STING (stimulator of interferon genes) is encoded by the TMEM173 gene and is an adaptor molecule involved in the activation of innate immune responses to PAMPS (pathogen-associated molecular patterns) and DAMPS (damage-associated molecular patterns). STING specifically recognizes cytosolic DNA products derived from pathogens (e.g., cytomegalovirus, vaccinia virus, Listeria monocytogenes) or dead cells (1, 2). In the STING pathway, dsDNA derived from pathogens or damaged cells serves as a substrate for the enzyme cGAS (cyclic GMP-AMP synthase) which produces the second messenger cyclic GMP-AMP (cGAMP) from ATP and GTP (3, 4). Under steady-state conditions STING (theoretical molecular weight 42 kDa), a protein localizes to the ER membrane. Upon activation by dsDNA derived second messenger (cGAMP), STING translocates to the Golgi apparatus as a homodimer. Once STING has trafficked to the perinuclear region, it activates TANK binding kinase 1 (TBK1), interferon regulatory factor 3 (IRF3) and NF-kB leading to the production of cytokines (e.g., type I interferon) (2, 4). Mutations in the TMEM173 gene affecting STING expression are associated with the development of the auto-inflammatory disease SAVI (STING-associated vasculopathy with onset in infancy) (2). A novel SAVI dominant mutation in the TMEM173 human gene (V155M) leads to increased localization of STING to the Golgi and perinuclear region, indicative of an activated state (1). Hallmarks of SAVI, a rare inflammatory disease, include severe vasculitis in extremities and lung inflammation (7).

References

1. Patel, S., & Jin, L. (2019). TMEM173 variants and potential importance to human biology and disease. Genes and Immunity. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41435-018-0029-9

2. Jounai, N., Kobiyama, K., Takeshita, F., & Ishii, K. J. (2013). Recognition of damage-associated molecular patterns related to nucleic acids during inflammation and vaccination. Frontiers in Cellular and Infection Microbiology. https://doi.org/10.3389/fcimb.2012.00168

3. Xiao, T. S., & Fitzgerald, K. A. (2013). The cGAS-STING Pathway for DNA Sensing. Molecular Cell. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.molcel.2013.07.004

4. Kato, K., Omura, H., Ishitani, R., & Nureki, O. (2017). Cyclic GMP-AMP as an Endogenous Second Messenger in Innate Immune Signaling by Cytosolic DNA. Annual Review of Biochemistry. https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev-biochem-061516-044813

5. Crowl, J. T., Gray, E. E., Pestal, K., Volkman, H. E., & Stetson, D. B. (2017). Intracellular Nucleic Acid Detection in Autoimmunity. Annual Review of Immunology. https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev-immunol-051116-052331

Long Name

Stimulator of Interferon Genes Protein/Transmembrane protein 173

Alternate Names

ERIS, MITA, MPYS, NET23, TMEM173

Gene Symbol

STING1

UniProt

Q86WV6 (Human)

Additional STING/TMEM173 Products

Product Documents for STING/TMEM173 Antibody

Product Datasheets

Certificate of Analysis

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Product Specific Notices for STING/TMEM173 Antibody

This product is for research use only and is not approved for use in humans or in clinical diagnosis. Primary Antibodies are guaranteed for 1 year from date of receipt.

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