Hexokinases phosphorylate hexose to form hexose 6‑phosphate, the first step for hexose metabolism. There are four mammalian hexokinases (I, II, III and IV) and hexokinase IV is commonly known as glucose kinase (GCK). Unlike hexokinase I, II and III, which have high affinity for glucose and are strongly inhibited by the product, glucose‑6‑phosphate (1), GCK has much lower affinity for glucose and is not inhibited by the product (2, 3). Consequently, GCK has a Km for glucose of approximately 7 mM (4), which is 100 times higher than that of hexokinase I, II, and III. This unique enzymatic property of GCK allows it to respond to blood glucose levels and contribute to the maintenance of blood glucose levels within the normal physiological range of 4 mM to 6 mM. In the pancreatic islets, GCK serves as a glucose sensor to control insulin release in the beta cells, and to control glucagon release in the alpha cells (5). In hepatocytes, GCK responds to changes of ambient glucose levels by increasing or reducing glycogen synthesis. Mutations in GCK have been associated with non‑insulin‑dependent diabetes mellitus (6, 7), maturity‑onset diabetes of the young type 2 (8), and hyperinsulinemia of infancy (9). The enzyme activity was measured using a phosphatase coupled kinase assay (4).

Long Name

Glucose Kinase

Alternate Names

FGQTL3, GCK, GLK, Hexokinase-4, Hexokinase-D, HHF3, HK4, HXKP, LGLK

Entrez Gene IDs

2645 (Human); 103988 (Mouse); 24385 (Rat)

Gene Symbol

GCK

UniProt

P35557 (Human)

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Product Specific Notices

This product is provided under an agreement between Life Technologies Corporation and R&D Systems, Inc, and the manufacture, use, sale or import of this product is subject to one or more US patents and corresponding non-US equivalents, owned by Life Technologies Corporation and its affiliates. The purchase of this product conveys to the buyer the non-transferable right to use the purchased amount of the product and components of the product only in research conducted by the buyer (whether the buyer is an academic or for-profit entity). The sale of this product is expressly conditioned on the buyer not using the product or its components (1) in manufacturing; (2) to provide a service, information, or data to an unaffiliated third party for payment; (3) for therapeutic, diagnostic or prophylactic purposes; (4) to resell, sell, or otherwise transfer this product or its components to any third party, or for any other commercial purpose. Life Technologies Corporation will not assert a claim against the buyer of the infringement of the above patents based on the manufacture, use or sale of a commercial product developed in research by the buyer in which this product or its components was employed, provided that neither this product nor any of its components was used in the manufacture of such product. For information on purchasing a license to this product for purposes other than research, contact Life Technologies Corporation, Cell Analysis Business Unit, Business Development, 29851 Willow Creek Road, Eugene, OR 97402, Tel: (541) 465-8300. Fax: (541) 335-0354.

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Human/Mouse Glucokinase/GCK Alexa Fluor® 532-conjugated Antibody

R&D Systems, part of Bio-Techne | Catalog # FAB7840X

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Background: Glucokinase/GCK